Aṭṭhakathā > Abhidhammapiṭaka (aṭṭhakathā) > Pañcapakaraṇa-aṭṭhakathā

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5. Pañcamavaggo

1. Vimuttikathāvaṇṇanā

2. Asekhañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā

3. Viparītakathāvaṇṇanā

4. Niyāmakathāvaṇṇanā

5. Paṭisambhidākathāvaṇṇanā

6. Sammutiñāṇakathāvaṇṇanā

7. Cittārammaṇakathāvaṇṇanā

8. Anāgatañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā

9. Paṭuppannañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā

10. Phalañāṇakathāvaṇṇanā

418. Idāni ¶ vimuttikathā nāma hoti. Tattha vipassanā, maggo, phalaṃ, paccavekkhaṇanti catunnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ vimuttiñāṇanti nāmaṃ. Tesu vipassanāñāṇaṃ niccanimittādīhi vimuttattā, tadaṅgavimuttibhāvena vā vimuttattā vimuttiñāṇaṃ. Maggo ¶ samucchedavimutti, phalaṃ paṭippassaddhivimutti, paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ pana vimuttiṃ jānātīti vimuttiñāṇaṃ. Evaṃ catubbidhe vimuttiñāṇe nippariyāyena phalañāṇameva vimutti. Sesāni ‘‘vimuttānī’’ti vā ‘‘avimuttānī’’ti vā na vattabbāni. Tasmā ‘‘idaṃ nāma vimuttiñāṇaṃ vimutta’’nti avatvā aviseseneva ‘‘vimuttiñāṇaṃ vimutta’’nti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi andhakānaṃ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā paravādissa. Puna yaṃkiñcīti puṭṭho paccavekkhaṇādīni sandhāya paṭikkhipati. Paṭipannassāti puṭṭho maggañāṇassa anāsavataṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti. Yasmā pana taṃ sotāpannassa phale ṭhitassa ñāṇaṃ na hoti, tasmā vimuttaṃ nāma na hotīti codanatthaṃ puna sakavādī sotāpannassātiādimāha. Iminā upāyena sabbattha attho veditabbo.

421. Idāni ¶ asekhakathā nāma hoti. Tattha yasmā ānandattherādayo sekhā ‘‘uḷāro bhagavā’’tiādinā nayena asekhe jānanti, tasmā ¶ ‘‘sekhassa asekhañāṇaṃ atthī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi uttarāpathakānaṃ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Jānāti passatīti idaṃ attanā adhigatassa jānanavasena vuttaṃ. Gotrabhunotiādi heṭṭhimāya bhūmiyaṃ ṭhitassa uparūpariñāṇassa abhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Nanu āyasmā ānando sekho ‘‘uḷāro bhagavā’’ti jānātīti paravādī asekhe bhagavati pavattattā taṃ asekhañāṇanti icchati, na panetaṃ asekhaṃ. Tasmā evaṃ patiṭṭhāpitāpi laddhi appatiṭṭhāpitāva hotīti.

424. Idāni viparītakathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘yvāyaṃ pathavīkasiṇe pathavīsaññī samāpajjati, tassa taṃ ñāṇaṃ viparītañāṇa’’nti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi ¶ andhakānaṃ, te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Pathaviṃ nissāya uppannanimittañhi na pathavīyeva, tatra cāyaṃ pathavīsaññī. Tasmā viparītañāṇanti ayametassa adhippāyo. Tato sakavādī ‘‘lakkhaṇapathavīpi sasambhārapathavīpi nimittapathavīpi pathavīdevatāpi sabbā pathavīyeva, tāsu pathavīti ñāṇaṃ viparītaṃ na hoti. Anicce niccantiādivipariyeso pana viparītañāṇaṃ nāma. Kiṃ te idaṃ etesu aññatara’’nti codetuṃ anicce niccantiādimāha. Itaro vipallāsalakkhaṇābhāvaṃ sandhāya paṭikkhipati, pathavīnimittaṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti.

Kusalanti sekkhaputhujjanānaṃ ñāṇaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Atthi arahatoti pañhesupi vipallāsalakkhaṇābhāvena paṭikkhipati. Pathavīnimittaṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti. Sabbeva pathavīti sabbaṃ taṃ pathavīkasiṇaṃ lakkhaṇapathavīyeva ¶ hotīti pucchati. Sakavādī tathā abhāvato paṭikkhipati. Nanu pathavī atthi, atthi ca koci pathaviṃ pathavito samāpajjatīti pucchā sakavādissa ¶ . Tassattho – nanu nimittapathavī atthi, atthi ca koci taṃ pathaviṃ pathavitoyeva samāpajjati, na āpato vā tejato vāti. Pathavī atthītiādi ‘‘yadi yaṃ yathā atthi, taṃ tathā samāpajjantassa ñāṇaṃ viparītaṃ hoti, nibbānaṃ atthi, tampi samāpajjantassa sabbavipariyesasamugghātanaṃ maggañāṇampi te viparītaṃ hotū’’ti dassanatthaṃ vuttanti.

428-431. Idāni niyāmakathā nāma hoti. Tattha yo puggalo sammattaniyāmaṃ okkamissati, taṃ ‘‘bhabbo esa dhammaṃ abhisametu’’nti yasmā bhagavā jānāti, tasmā ‘‘aniyatassa puthujjanasseva sato puggalassa niyāmagamanāya ñāṇaṃ atthī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi etarahi uttarāpathakānaṃ; te sandhāya aniyatassāti pucchā sakavādissa. Tattha niyāmagamanāyāti niyāmo vuccati maggo, maggagamanāya maggokkamanāyāti attho. Yaṃ panassa ñāṇaṃ disvā bhagavā ‘‘bhabbo aya’’nti jānāti, taṃ sandhāya paṭiññā paravādissa.

Athassa ¶ sakavādī ayuttavāditaṃ dīpetuṃ niyatassāti viparītānuyogamāha. Tattha paṭhamapañhe maggena niyatassa aniyāmagamanāya ñāṇaṃ nāma natthīti paṭikkhipati. Dutiye natthibhāvena paṭijānāti. Tatiye aniyatassa natthīti puṭṭhattā laddhivirodhena paṭikkhipati. Puna paṭhamapañhameva catutthaṃ katvā niyatassa niyāmagamanādivasena tayo pañhā katā. Tesu paṭhame yasmā ādimaggena niyatassa puna tadatthāya ñāṇaṃ natthi, tasmā paṭikkhipati. Dutiye ¶ natthibhāveneva paṭijānāti. Tatiye laddhivirodheneva paṭikkhipati. Puna paṭhamapañhaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ katvā aniyatassa aniyāmagamanādivasena tayo pañhā katā. Tesaṃ attho vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Puna paṭhamapañhameva dvādasamaṃ katvā taṃmūlakā atthi niyāmotiādayo pañhā katā. Tattha yasmā niyāmagamanāya ñāṇaṃ nāma maggañāṇameva hoti, tasmā taṃ sandhāya atthi niyāmoti vuttaṃ. Itaro pana niyāmoti vutte paṭikkhipati, ñāṇanti vutte paṭijānāti. Satipaṭṭhānādīsupi ¶ eseva nayo. Paccanīkaṃ uttānatthameva. Gotrabhunotiādi yena yaṃ appattaṃ, tassa taṃ natthīti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Bhagavā jānātīti attano ñāṇabalena jānāti, na tassa niyāmagamanañāṇasabbhāvato. Tasmā iminā kāraṇena patiṭṭhitāpissa laddhi appatiṭṭhitāyevāti.

432-433. Idāni paṭisambhidākathā nāma hoti. Tattha yesaṃ ‘‘yaṃkiñci ariyānaṃ ñāṇaṃ, sabbaṃ lokuttaramevā’’ti gahetvā ‘‘sabbaṃ ñāṇaṃ paṭisambhidā’’ti laddhi, seyyathāpi andhakānaṃ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Sammutiñāṇapañhesu pathavīkasiṇasammutiyaṃ samāpattiñāṇaṃ sandhāya paṭikkhipati, niruttiñāṇaṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti. Ye keci sammutinti pañhe puthujjane sandhāya paṭikkhipati. Cetopariyāyapañhesu puthujjanassa ñāṇaṃ sandhāya paṭikkhipati, ariyassa ñāṇaṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti. Sabbā paññātipañhesu kasiṇasamāpattipañhaṃ sandhāya paṭikkhipati, lokuttaraṃ sandhāya paṭijānāti. Pathavīkasiṇasamāpattintiādi ‘‘yā etesu ettakesu ṭhānesu paññā, kiṃ sabbā sā paṭisambhidā’’ti pucchanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tena ¶ hi sabbaṃ ñāṇanti yasmā sabbā lokuttarapaññā paṭisambhidā ¶ , tasmā sabbanti vacanaṃ sāmaññaphalena saddhiṃ patiṭṭhāpetīti.

434-435. Idāni sammutiñāṇakathā nāma hoti. Tattha sammutisaccaṃ paramatthasaccanti dve ¶ saccāni. Ye pana evaṃ vibhāgaṃ akatvā saccanti vacanasāmaññena sammutiñāṇampi ‘‘saccārammaṇamevā’’ti vadanti, seyyathāpi andhakā; te ayuttavādinoti tesaṃ vādavisodhanatthaṃ ayaṃ kathā āraddhā. Tattha na vattabbanti pucchā paravādissa, paramatthasaccaṃ sandhāya paṭiññā sakavādissa. Sammutisaccamhīti sammutiṃ anupaviṭṭhe saccamhi. Paccatte vā bhummavacanaṃ, sammutisaccanti attho. Sammutiñāṇaṃ saccārammaṇaññevāti pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Tato naṃ ‘‘yadi taṃ avisesena saccārammaṇaññeva, tena ñāṇena dukkhapariññādīni kareyyā’’ti codetuṃ tena ñāṇenātiādimāha.

436-438. Idāni cittārammaṇakathā nāma hoti. Tattha cetopariyāye ñāṇanti vacanamattameva gahetvā ‘‘taṃ ñāṇaṃ cittārammaṇamevā’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi etarahi andhakānaṃ; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Athassa ‘‘yo sarāgādivasena cittaṃ jānāti, tassa rāgādayopi ārammaṇā honti, tasmā na vattabbaṃ taṃ cittārammaṇaññevā’’ti codanatthaṃ nanu atthi kocītiādi āraddhaṃ. Phassārammaṇeti ¶ phassasaṅkhāte ārammaṇe. Vedanārammaṇetiādīsupi eseva nayo. Puna phassārammaṇe ñāṇaṃ na vattabbanti puṭṭho phassassa phusanalakkhaṇaṃ ¶ manasikaroto phassovārammaṇaṃ hotīti paṭijānāti. Kiṃ panetaṃ phassapariyāye ñāṇanti puṭṭho pana tādisassa suttapadassa abhāvā paṭikkhipati. Vedanādīsupi eseva nayo. Idāni yaṃ nissāya laddhi, tadeva dassetvā laddhiṃ patiṭṭhāpetuṃ nanu cetopariyāye ñāṇantiādimāha. Sā panesā vacanamattābhinivesena patiṭṭhāpitāpi appatiṭṭhāpitāva hotīti.

439-440. Idāni ¶ anāgatañāṇakathā nāma hoti. Tattha anāgataṃ nāma antarampi atthi, anantarampi. Tesu anantare ekanteneva ñāṇaṃ natthi. Yathā ca anantare, tathā ekavīthiekajavanapariyāpannepi. Tattha ye sabbasmimpi anāgate ñāṇaṃ icchanti, seyyathāpi andhakā; te sandhāya pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yaṃ te anāgate ñāṇaṃ, kiṃ tena anantaraṃ anāgataṃ mūlādivasena jānātī’’ti codetuṃ anāgataṃ mūlatotiādimāha. Tattha mūlatotiādīni sabbāni kāraṇavevacanāneva. Kāraṇañhi yaṃ attano phalaṃ karoti, taṃ tattha mūlayati patiṭṭhātīti mūlaṃ. Tato ca taṃ hinoti pavattayatīti hetu. Tadeva taṃ nideti ‘‘handa naṃ gaṇhathā’’ti. Niyyāteti viyāti nidānaṃ. Tato taṃ sambhavatīti sambhavo. Pabhavatīti pabhavo. Tattha ca taṃ samuṭṭhāti, taṃ vā naṃ samuṭṭhāpetīti samuṭṭhānaṃ. Tadeva naṃ āharatīti āhāro. Tañcassa apariccajitabbaṭṭhena ārammaṇaṃ. Tadeva cetaṃ paṭicca etīti paccayo. Tato naṃ samudetīti samudayoti vuccati. Yasmā ¶ pana anantaraṃ cittaṃ etehākārehi na sakkā jānituṃ, tasmā na hevanti paṭikkhipati. Anāgataṃ hetupaccayatanti yā anantarānāgate citte hetupaccayatā, taṃ jānāti. Ye tattha dhammā hetupaccayā honti, te jānātīti attho. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Gotrabhunotiādi yasmiṃ anāgate ñāṇaṃ na uppajjati, taṃ sarūpato dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Pāṭaliputtassāti ¶ suttaṃ yasmiṃ anāgate ñāṇaṃ uppajjati, taṃ dassetuṃ āhaṭaṃ. Yasmā panetaṃ na sabbasmiṃ anāgate ñāṇassa sādhakaṃ; tasmā anāhaṭamevāti.

441-442. Idāni paṭuppannañāṇakathā nāma hoti. Tattha yesaṃ ‘‘sabbasaṅkhāresu aniccato diṭṭhesu tampi ñāṇaṃ aniccato diṭṭhaṃ hotī’’ti vacanaṃ nissāya ‘‘avisesena sabbasmiṃ paccuppanne ñāṇaṃ atthī’’ti laddhi, seyyathāpi andhakānaṃ; te sandhāya paṭuppanneti pucchā ¶ sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yadi avisesena paṭuppanne ñāṇaṃ atthi, khaṇapaccuppannepi tena bhavitabbaṃ. Evaṃ sante dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ ekato abhāvā teneva ñāṇena taṃ jānitabbaṃ hotī’’ti codanatthaṃ tenāti anuyogo sakavādissa. Tattha paṭhamapañhe teneva taṃ jānituṃ na sakkāti paṭikkhepo itarassa. Dutiyapañhe santatiṃ sandhāya paṭiññā tasseva. Paṭipāṭito bhaṅgaṃ passanto bhaṅgānupassaneneva bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ passatīti adhippāyo. Tena ñāṇena taṃ ñāṇaṃ jānātītiādīsupi eseva nayo. Tena phassena taṃ phassantiādīnissa lesokāsanivāraṇatthaṃ vuttāni ¶ . Yaṃ panetena laddhipatiṭṭhāpanatthaṃ nanu sabbasaṅkhāretiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha nayato taṃ ñāṇaṃ diṭṭhaṃ hoti, na ārammaṇatoti adhippāyena paṭiññā sakavādissa. Tasmā evaṃ patiṭṭhitāpissa laddhi appatiṭṭhitāva hoti.

443-444. Idāni phale ñāṇakathā nāma hoti. Tattha ‘‘buddhāpi sattānaṃ ariyaphalappattiyā dhammaṃ desenti sāvakāpi, iti iminā sāmaññena ¶ buddhānaṃ viya sāvakānampi tena tena sattena pattabbe phale ñāṇaṃ atthī’’ti yesaṃ laddhi, seyyathāpi andhakānaṃ; te sandhāya sāvakassāti pucchā sakavādissa, paṭiññā itarassa. Atha naṃ ‘‘yadi sāvakassa phale ñāṇaṃ atthi, yathā buddhā samānepi sotāpattiphale attano ñāṇabalena ‘ayaṃ ekabījī, ayaṃ kolaṃkolo, ayaṃ sattakkhattuparamo’ti phalassakataṃ paññapenti, kiṃ te evaṃ sāvakopī’’ti codetuṃ sāvako phalassa kataṃ paññapetīti āha. Itaro paṭikkhipati.

Atthi sāvakassa phalaparopariyattītiādi phale ñāṇassa atthitāya paccayapucchanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Ayañhettha adhippāyo – buddhānaṃ ‘‘idaṃ phalaṃ paraṃ, idaṃ opara’’nti evaṃ phalānaṃ uccāvacabhāvajānanasaṅkhātā phale paropariyatti nāma atthi. Tathā indriyapuggalaparopariyattiyo, tāsaṃ ¶ atthitāya tassa tassa puggalassa tesaṃ tesaṃ indriyānaṃ vasena taṃ taṃ phalaṃ jānanti, kiṃ te sāvakassāpi etā paropariyattiyo atthīti.

Atthi sāvakassa khandhapaññattītiādīnipi ‘‘yadi te sāvakassa buddhānaṃ viya phale ñāṇaṃ atthi, imā hi pissa paññattīhi ¶ bhavitabbaṃ. Kimassa tā atthi, sakkoti so etā paññattiyo attano balena jānituṃ vā paññapetuṃ vā’’ti codanatthaṃ vuttāni. Sāvako jinotiādi ‘‘yadi sāvakassa buddhānaṃ viya phale ñāṇaṃ atthi, evaṃ sante sveva jino’’ti codanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Sāvako anuppannassāti pañhepi ayameva nayo. Aññāṇīti pañhe avijjāsaṅkhātassa aññāṇassa vihatattā paṭikkhitto, na panassa buddhānaṃ viya phale ñāṇaṃ atthi. Tasmā appatiṭṭhitova paravādīvādoti.