Tīkā > Suttapiṭaka (ṭīkā) > Aṅguttaranikāya (ṭīkā) > Duka-tika-catukkanipāta-ṭīkā

MMR Vol 2
VRI Vol 2

Misc. Paragraph

1. Bhaṇḍagāmavaggo

1-2. Anubuddhasuttādivaṇṇanā

3-4. Paṭhamakhatasuttādivaṇṇanā

5. Anusotasuttavaṇṇanā

6. Appassutasuttavaṇṇanā

7. Sobhanasuttavaṇṇanā

8. Vesārajjasuttavaṇṇanā

9. Taṇhuppādasuttavaṇṇanā

10. Yogasuttavaṇṇanā

1-2. Catukkanipātassa ¶ ¶ paṭhame anubodho pubbabhāgiyaṃ ñāṇaṃ, paṭivedho anubodhena abhisamayo. Tattha yasmā anubodhapubbako paṭivedho anubodhena vinā na hoti. Anubodho hi ekacco paṭivedhasambaddho, tadubhayābhāvahetukañca vaṭṭe saṃsaraṇaṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘ananubodhā…pe… tumhākañcā’’ti. Paṭisandhiggahaṇavasena bhavato bhavantarūpagamanaṃ sandhāvanaṃ, aparāparaṃ cavanūpapajjanavasena sañcaraṇaṃ saṃsaraṇanti āha ‘‘bhavato’’tiādi. Sandhāvitasaṃsaritapadānaṃ kammasādhanataṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘mayā ca tumhehi cā’’ti paṭhamavikappe. Dutiyavikappe pana bhāvasādhanataṃ hadaye katvā ‘‘mamañceva tumhākañcā’’ti yathārutavaseneva vuttaṃ ¶ . Dīgharajjunā baddhasakuṇaṃ viya rajjuhattho puriso desantaraṃ taṇhārajjunā baddhaṃ sattasantānaṃ abhisaṅkhāro bhavantaraṃ neti etāyāti bhavanetti. Tenāha ‘‘bhavarajjū’’tiādī.

Vaṭṭadukkhassa antakaroti sakalavaṭṭadukkhassa sakasantāne parasantāne ca vināsakaro abhāvakaro. Buddhacakkhudhammacakkhudibbacakkhumaṃsacakkhusamantacakkhusaṅkhātehi pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumā. Savāsanānaṃ kilesānaṃ samucchinnattā sātisayaṃ kilesaparinibbānena parinibbuto. Dutiyaṃ uttānameva.

3-4. Tatiye ¶ kalinti aparādhaṃ. Vicinātīti ācinoti pasavati. Tena ca kalinā sukhaṃ na paṭilabhatīti tena aparādhena sukhaṃ na vindati. Nindiyappasaṃsāya hi pasaṃsiyanindāya ca samakova vipāko. Pasaṃsiyanindāti ca sampannaguṇaparidhaṃsanavasena pavattiyā mahāsāvajjatāya kaṭukataravipākā. Nindiyappasaṃsā pana kathaṃ tāya samavipākāti ce? Tasmiṃ avijjamānaguṇasamāropanena attano paresañca micchāpaṭipattihetubhāvato pasaṃsiyena tassa sabbhāvakaraṇato ca. Lokepi hi asūraṃ sūrena samaṃ karonto gārayho hoti, pageva duppaṭipannaṃ suppaṭipannena samaṃ karontoti. Sakena dhanenāti attano sāpateyyena. Appamattakova kalīti diṭṭhadhammikattā sappaṭikārattā ca appamattako aparādho. Ayaṃ…pe… mahantataro kali katūpacitattā samparāyikattā appaṭikārattā ca.

Nirabbudoti gaṇanāviseso esoti āha ‘‘nirabbudagaṇanāyā’’ti, satasahassaṃ nirabbudāti attho. Nirabbudaparimāṇaṃ pana vassagaṇanāya evaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yatheva hi sataṃ satasahassānaṃ koṭi hoti, evaṃ sataṃ satasahassānaṃ koṭiyo pakoṭi nāma hoti, sataṃ satasahassānaṃ pakoṭiyo koṭipakoṭi, sataṃ satasahassakoṭipakoṭiyo nahutaṃ, sataṃ satasahassanahutāni ninnahutaṃ, sataṃ satasahassaninnahutāni ekaṃ abbudaṃ, tato vīsatiguṇitaṃ nirabbudaṃ. Yaṃ ariye garahanto nirayaṃ upapajjatīti ariye garahanto yaṃ nirabbudasaṅkhātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati, nirabbudoti ca pāṭiyekko nirayo natthi, avīcimhiyeva pana nirabbudagaṇanāya paccitabbaṭṭhānassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Catutthaṃ uttānameva.

5. Pañcame ¶ anusotaṃ gacchatīti saṃsārasotassa anukūlabhāvena gacchati. Paccanīkapaṭipattiyāti saṃsārasotassa paṭikūlavasena pavattanibbidānupassanādipaṭipattiyā ¶ . Ṭhitasabhāvoti acalappasādādisamannāgamena ṭhitasabhāvo. Anāgāmī hi assaddhiyehi kāmarāgabyāpādehi akampaniyacittatāya tamhā lokā anāvattidhammatāya ca ṭhitasabhāvo nāma. Oghaṃ taritvāti kāmoghādicatubbidhaṃ oghaṃ atikkamitvā. Paratīraṃ gatoti nibbānapāraṃ gato. Brāhmaṇoti bāhitapāpatāya brāhmaṇoti saṅkhaṃ gato khīṇāsavo. Tenāha ‘‘seṭṭho niddoso’’ti. Pañcaverakammanti pāṇātipātādipañcaduccaritaṃ. Sahāpi dukkhena sahāpi domanassenāti kilesapariyuṭṭhāne sati uppannena dukkhadomanassena saddhimpi. Paripuṇṇanti tissannaṃ sikkhānaṃ ekāyapi anūnaṃ. Parisuddhanti nirupakkilesaṃ. Brahmacariyanti seṭṭhacariyaṃ. Iminā vārena sotāpannasakadāgāmino kathitā. Kiṃ pana te rudantā brahmacariyaṃ carantīti? Āma, kilesarodanena rodantā caranti nāma, sīlasampanno puthujjanabhikkhu ettheva saṅgahito.

Cetovimuttinti phalasamādhiṃ. Paññāvimuttinti phalañāṇaṃ. Chahākārehi pāragatoti abhiññāpāragū, pariññāpāragū, bhāvanāpāragū, pahānapāragū, sacchikiriyāpāragū, samāpattipāragūti evaṃ chahi ākārehi sabbadhammānaṃ pāraṃ pariyosānaṃ gato. Sesamettha suviññeyyameva.

6. Chaṭṭhe appakaṃ sutaṃ hotīti navaṅgasatthusāsane kiñcideva sutaṃ hoti. Tadeva navaṅgasatthusāsanaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘suttaṃ geyya’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha suttādīni vibhajitvā dassento ‘‘ubhatovibhaṅganiddesakkhandhakaparivārā’’tiādimāha. Kathaṃ panāyaṃ vibhāgo yujjeyya. Sagāthakañhi suttaṃ geyyaṃ, niggāthakaṃ suttaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ. Tadubhayavinimuttañca suttaṃ udānādivisesasaññārahitaṃ natthi, yaṃ suttaṅgaṃ siyā. Maṅgalasuttādīnañca (khu. pā. 5.1 ādayo; su. ni. 261 ādayo) suttaṅgasaṅgaho na siyā gāthābhāvato dhammapadādīnaṃ viya ¶ . Geyyaṅgasaṅgaho vā siyā sagāthakattā sagāthāvaggassa viya. Tathā ubhatovibhaṅgādīsu sagāthakappadesānanti? Vuccate –

Sanimittā niruḷhattā, sahatāññena nāññato’’. (netti. aṭṭha. saṅgahavāravaṇṇanā; dī. ni. ṭī. 1.paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathāvaṇṇanā; sārattha. ṭī. 1.paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathāvaṇṇanā)

Sabbassapi hi buddhavacanassa suttanti ayaṃ sāmaññavidhi. Tenevāha āyasmā mahākaccāno nettiyaṃ (netti. saṅgahavāro) ‘‘navavidhasuttantapariyeṭṭhī’’ti. Ettakaṃ tassa bhagavato suttāgataṃ suttapariyāpannaṃ (pāci. 655, 1242) sakavāde pañca suttasatānīti (dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā; kathā. aṭṭha. nidānakathā) evamādi ca etassa atthassa sādhakaṃ. Visesavidhayo pare sanimittā tadekadesesu geyyādayo visesavidhayo tena tena nimittena patiṭṭhitā. Tathā hi geyyassa sagāthakattaṃ tabbhāvanimittaṃ. Lokepi hi sasilokaṃ sagāthakaṃ vā cuṇṇiyaganthaṃ ‘‘geyya’’nti vadanti. Gāthāvirahe pana sati pucchaṃ katvā vissajjanabhāvo veyyākaraṇassa tabbhāvanimittaṃ. Pucchāvissajjanañhi ‘‘byākaraṇa’’nti vuccati. Byākaraṇameva veyyākaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ sante sagāthakādīnampi pucchaṃ katvā vissajjanavasena pavattānaṃ veyyākaraṇabhāvo āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati geyyādisaññānaṃ anokāsabhāvato, ‘‘gāthāvirahe satī’’ti visesitattā ca. Tathā hi dhammapadādīsu kevalaṃ gāthābandhesu sagāthakattepi somanassañāṇamayikagāthāyuttesu ‘‘vuttaṃ heta’’ntiādīvacanasambandhesu abbhutadhammappaṭisaṃyuttesu ca suttavisesesu yathākkamaṃ gāthāudānaitivuttakaabbhutadhammasaññā patiṭṭhitā, tathā satipi gāthābandhabhāve bhagavato atītāsu jātīsu cariyānubhāvappakāsakesu jātakasaññā, satipi pañhavissajjanabhāve sagāthakatte ca kesuci suttantesu vedassa labhāpanato vedallasaññā patiṭṭhitāti evaṃ tena tena sagāthakattādinā nimittena tesu tesu suttavisesesu geyyādisaññā patiṭṭhitāti visesavidhayo suttaṅgato pare geyyādayo. Yaṃ panettha geyyaṅgādinimittarahitaṃ, taṃ suttaṅgaṃ visesasaññāparihārena sāmaññasaññāya pavattanato. Nanu ca sagāthakaṃ suttaṃ geyyaṃ, niggāthakaṃ suttaṃ ¶ veyyākaraṇanti suttaṅgaṃ na sambhavatīti codanā tadavatthāvāti? Na tadavatthā sodhitattā. Sodhitañhi pubbe ‘‘gāthāvirahe sati pucchāvissajjanabhāvo veyyākaraṇassa tabbhāvanimitta’’nti.

Yañca vuttaṃ – ‘‘gāthābhāvato maṅgalasuttādīnaṃ suttaṅgasaṅgaho na siyā’’ti, taṃ na, niruḷhattā. Niruḷho hi maṅgalasuttādīnaṃ suttabhāvo. Na hi tāni dhammapadabuddhavaṃsādayo viya gāthābhāvena paññātāni, atha kho suttabhāveneva, teneva hi aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘suttanāmaka’’nti nāmaggahaṇaṃ ¶ kataṃ. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘sagāthakattā geyyaṅgasaṅgaho siyā’’ti, tadapi natthi, yasmā sahatāññena. Saha gāthāhīti hi sagāthakaṃ. Sahabhāvo nāma atthato aññena hoti, na ca maṅgalasuttādīsu gāthāvinimutto koci suttappadeso atthi, yo ‘‘saha gāthāhī’’ti vucceyya, na ca samudāyo nāma koci atthi. Yadapi vuttaṃ – ‘‘ubhatovibhaṅgādīsu sagāthakappadesānaṃ geyyaṅgasaṅgaho siyā’’ti, tadapi na, aññato. Aññā eva hi tā gāthā jātakādipariyāpannattā. Ato na tāhi ubhatovibhaṅgādīnaṃ geyyaṅgabhāvoti. Evaṃ suttādīnaṃ aṅgānaṃ aññamaññaṃ saṅkarābhāvo veditabbo. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana samantapāsādikāya vinayasaṃvaṇṇanāya sāratthadīpaniyā (sārattha. ṭī. 1.paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathāvaṇṇanā) amhehi pakāsito, icchantehi tatoyeva gahetabbo.

Na atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hotīti aṭṭhakathāñca pāḷiñca jānitvā lokuttaradhammassa anurūpadhammaṃ pubbabhāgappaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno na hotīti evamettha sambandho veditabbo. Tenevāha ‘‘na atthamaññāya dhammamaññāyāti aṭṭhakathañca pāḷiñca jānitvā…pe… na paṭipanno hotī’’ti.

7. Sattame paññāveyyattiyenāti saccasampaṭivedhādipaññāveyyattiyena. Vinayaṃ upetāti tadaṅgādivasena kilesānaṃ vinayaṃ upetā. Vesārajjenāti ¶ sārajjakarānaṃ diṭṭhivicikicchādipāpadhammānaṃ vigamanato vesārajjena, sārajjarahitenāti attho. Tepiṭakavasena bahu sutaṃ etesanti bahussutā. Tameva pariyattidhammaṃ dhārenti suvaṇṇabhājane pakkhittasīhavasaṃ viya vinassantaṃ akatvā suppaguṇasuppavattibhāvena hadaye ṭhapentīti dhammadharā. Edisā ca attanā sutassa dhammassa ādhārabhūtā nāma hontīti āha ‘‘sutadhammānaṃ ādhārabhūtā’’ti.

8. Aṭṭhame ¶ byāmohavasena saraṇapariyesanaṃ sārajjanaṃ sārado, byāmohabhayaṃ. Vigato sārado etassāti visārado, tassa bhāvo vesārajjaṃ. Taṃ pana ñāṇasampadaṃ, pahānasampadaṃ, desanāvisesasampadaṃ khemañca nissāya pavattaṃ catubbidhapaccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘catūsu ṭhānesū’’tiādi. Usabhassa idanti āsabhaṃ, seṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ. Sabbaññutapaṭijānanavasena abhimukhaṃ gacchanti, aṭṭha vā parisā upasaṅkamantīti āsabhā, pubbabuddhā. Idaṃ panāti buddhānaṃ ṭhānaṃ sabbaññutameva vadati. Tiṭṭhamānovāti avadantopi tiṭṭhamānova paṭijānāti nāmāti attho. Upagacchatīti anujānāti.

Aṭṭhasu parisāsūti ‘‘abhijānāmi kho panāhaṃ, sāriputta, anekasataṃ khattiyaparisaṃ upasaṅkamitā…pe… brāhmaṇaparisaṃ gahapatiparisaṃ, samaṇaparisaṃ, cātumahārājikaparisaṃ, tāvatiṃsaparisaṃ, māraparisaṃ, brahmaparisaṃ upasaṅkamitā, tatrapi mayā sannisinnapubbañceva sallapitapubbañca sākacchā ca samāpajjitapubbā. Tatra vata maṃ ‘bhayaṃ vā sārajjaṃ vā okkamissatī’ti nimittametaṃ, sāriputta, na samanupassāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.151) evaṃ vuttaparisāsu. Abhītanādaṃ nadatīti parato dassitañāṇayogena visārado ahanti abhītanādaṃ nadati. Sīhanādasuttenāti khandhavagge āgatena sīhanādasuttena.

‘‘Devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.31) suttasesena sappurisūpanissayādiphalasampattipavatti vuttā, purimasappurisūpanissayādiupanissayā pacchimasappurisūpanissayādisampattipavatti ¶ vā vuttā. Ādi-saddena tattha ca cakkasaddassa gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vicakkasaṇṭhānā asani eva asanivicakkaṃ. Uracakkādīsūti ādi-saddena āṇāsamūhādīsupi cakkasaddassa pavatti veditabbā. ‘‘Saṅghabhedaṃ karissāma cakkabheda’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 409; cūḷava. 343) hi āṇā ‘‘cakka’’nti vuttā. ‘‘Devacakkaṃ asuracakka’’ntiādīsu samūhoti.

Paṭivedhaniṭṭhattā arahattamaggañāṇaṃ paṭivedhoti ‘‘phalakkhaṇe uppannaṃ nāmā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tena paṭiladdhassapi desanāñāṇassa kiccanipphatti parassa bujjhanamattena hotīti ‘‘aññāsikoṇḍaññassa sotāpatti…pe… phalakkhaṇe pavattaṃ nāmā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tato paraṃ pana yāva parinibbānā desanāñāṇappavatti tasseva pavattitassa dhammacakkassa ṭhānanti veditabbaṃ.

Dassitadhammesūti ¶ vuttadhammesu. Vacanamattameva hi tesaṃ, na pana dassanaṃ tādisasseva dhammassa abhāvato. Bhagavato eva vā ‘‘ime dhammā anabhisambuddho’’ti parassa vacanavasena dassitadhammesu. ‘‘Dhammapaṭisambhidā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 718-721) viya dhamma-saddo hetupariyāyoti āha ‘‘sahadhammenāti sahetunā’’ti. Hetūti ca upapattisādhanahetu veditabbo, na kārako, sampāpako vā. Nimittanti codanāya kāraṇaṃ. Tattha codako codanaṃ karotīti kāraṇaṃ, dhammo codanaṃ karoti etenāti kāraṇaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘puggalopī’’tiādi. Khemanti kenaci appaṭibāhiyabhāvena anupaddutaṃ.

Antarāyo etesaṃ atthi, antarāye vā niyuttāti antarāyikā. Evaṃbhūtā pana te yasmā antarāyakarā nāma honti, tasmā āha ‘‘antarāyaṃ karontīti antarāyikā’’ti. Asañcicca vītikkame nātisāvajjāti katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘sañcicca vītikkantā’’ti. Satta āpattikkhandhātiādi nidassanamattaṃ itaresampi catunnaṃ ‘‘antarāyikā’’ti vuttadhammānaṃ tabbhāve byabhicārābhāvato. Idha pana methunadhammo adhippetoti idaṃ aṭṭhuppattivasena vuttaṃ ariṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ (pāci. 417) viya. Yasmā taṃkhaṇampi kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ disvā virato hoti ce, visesaṃ adhigacchati, na kāmesu āsatto, tasmā vuttaṃ ‘‘methuna…pe…antarāyo hotī’’ti. Tattha yassa kassacīti na kevalaṃ pabbajitasseva, atha kho ¶ yassa kassaci. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘methunamanuyuttassa, mussatevāpi sāsana’’nti (su. ni. 820).

Tasmiṃ aniyyānikadhammeti tasmiṃ parehi parikappitaaniyyānikadhammanimittaṃ. Nimittatthe hi idaṃ kammasaṃyoge bhummaṃ.

Upanibaddhāti viracitā. Tenāha ‘‘abhisaṅkhatā’’ti. Puthubhāvanti bahubhāvaṃ. Puthūhi vā sitāti bahūhi samaṇabrāhmaṇehi sitā upanibaddhā.

9. Navame bhavati etena ārogyanti bhavo, gilānapaccayo. Parivuddho bhavo abhavo. Vuddhiattho hi ayamakāro yathā ‘‘saṃvarāsaṃvaro, phalāphala’’nti ca. Sappinavanītādīnīti ādi-saddena ¶ telamadhuphāṇitādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Sappinavanītādiggahaṇañcettha nidassanamattaṃ, sabbassapi gilānapaccayassa saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Bhavābhavoti vā khuddako ceva mahanto ca upapattibhavo veditabbo. Tenevāha ‘‘sampattibhavesū’’tiādi. Bhavoti vā sampatti, abhavoti vipatti. Bhavoti vuddhi, abhavoti hāni. Taṃnimittañca taṇhā uppajjatīti vuttaṃ ‘‘bhavābhavahetu vā’’ti.

Taṇhādutiyoti taṇhāsahāyo. Taṇhā hi nirudakakantāre marīcikāya udakasaññā viya pipāsābhibhūtaṃ tasitaṃ sattaṃ assāsadassanavasena sahāyakiccaṃ karontī bhavādīsu anibbinnaṃ katvā paribbhamāpeti. Tathā hi taṃ papātakaṃ acintetvā madhuggaṇhanakaluddakā viya anekādīnavākulesu bhavesu ānisaṃsameva dassentī anatthajāle sā paribbhamāpeti, tasmā taṇhā ‘‘purisassa dutiyā’’ti vuttā. Nanu ca aññepi kilesādayo bhavanibbattipaccayāti? Saccametaṃ, na pana tathā visesapaccayo, yathā taṇhā. Tathā hi sā kusalehi vinā ¶ akusalehi, kāmāvacarādikusalehi ca vinā rūpāvacarādikusalehi bhavanibbattiyā visesapaccayo. Yato samudayasaccanti vuccatīti. Itthabhāvaññathābhāvanti itthabhāvo ca aññathābhāvo ca itthabhāvaññathābhāvo, so etassa atthīti itthabhāvaññathābhāvo, saṃsāro, taṃ itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ. Tattha itthabhāvo manussattaṃ, aññathābhāvo tato avasiṭṭhasattāvāsā. Itthabhāvo vā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ paccuppanno attabhāvo, aññathābhāvo anāgatattabhāvo. Evarūpo vā aññopi attabhāvo itthabhāvo, na evarūpo aññathābhāvo. Tenevāha ‘‘itthabhāvaññathābhāvanti ettha itthabhāvo nāma ayaṃ attabhāvo’’tiādi. Saṃsaraṇaṃ saṃsāro.

Abbocchinnaṃ vattamānā, saṃsāroti pavuccati’’. (visuddhi. 2.619; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.95 apasādanāvaṇṇanā; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.2.60; a. ni. aṭṭha. 2.4.199; dha. sa. aṭṭha. nidānakathā; vibha. aṭṭha. 226 saṅkhārapadaniddeso; su. ni. aṭṭha. 2.523; udā. aṭṭha. 39; itivu. aṭṭha. 14);

Tenāha ‘‘khandhadhātuāyatanānaṃ paṭipāṭi’’nti, khandhadhātuāyatanānaṃ hetuphalabhāvena aparāparappavattinti attho.

Evamādīnavaṃ ¶ ñatvāti ettha etamādīnavaṃ ñatvātipi paṭhanti, etaṃ sakalavaṭṭadukkhassa sambhavaṃ samudayaṃ taṇhaṃ ādīnavaṃ ñatvāti attho. Atha vā evamādīnavaṃ ñatvāti etaṃ yathāvuttaṃ saṃsārānativattanaādīnavaṃ dosaṃ ñatvā. Niggahaṇoti caturūpādānasaṅkhātassa sabbassa gahaṇassa paṭinissajjanena niggahaṇo, khandhaparinibbānena saṅkhārappavattito apagaccheyyāti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo.

10. Dasame yojentīti kammaṃ vipākena bhavādiṃ, bhavantarādīhi dukkhena sattaṃ yojenti ghaṭentīti yogā. Kāmanaṭṭhena kāmo ca so yathāvuttenatthena yogo cāti kāmayogo. Bhavayogo nāma bhavarāgoti dassetuṃ ‘‘rūpārūpabhavesū’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha paṭhamo ¶ upapattibhavesu rāgo, dutiyo kammabhavesu, tatiyo bhavadiṭṭhisahagato yathā rajjanaṭṭhena rāgo, evaṃ yujjanaṭṭhena yogoti vutto. Catūsu saccesu aññāṇanti idaṃ suttantanayaṃ nissāya vuttaṃ. Suttantasaṃvaṇṇanā hesāti, tadantogadhattā vā pubbantādīnaṃ.

Samudayanti dve samudayā khaṇikasamudayo paccayasamudayo ca. Uppādakkhaṇo khaṇikasamudayo, paccayova paccayasamudayo. Samudayate samudayanaṃ samudayo, samudeti etasmāti samudayoti evaṃ ubhinnaṃ samudayānaṃ saddatthatopi bhedo veditabbo. Paccayasamudayaṃ pajānantopi bhikkhu khaṇikasamudayaṃ pajānāti, khaṇikasamudayaṃ pajānantopi paccayasamudayaṃ pajānāti. Paccayato hi saṅkhārānaṃ udayaṃ passato khaṇato ca nesaṃ udayadassanaṃ sukhaṃ hoti, khaṇato ca nesaṃ udayaṃ passato pageva paccayānaṃ suggahitattā paccayato dassanaṃ sukhena ijjhati. Idha pana khaṇikasamudayaṃ dassento āha ‘‘samudayanti uppatti’’nti.

Atthaṅgamopi duvidho accantatthaṅgamo, bhedatthaṅgamoti. Accantatthaṅgamo appavattinirodho, nibbānanti keci. Bhedatthaṅgamo khaṇikanirodho. Tadubhayaṃ pubbabhāge uggahaparipucchādivasena passato aññataradassanena itaradassanampi siddhameva hoti. Pubbabhāgeyeva ārammaṇavasena khayato vayato sammasanādikāle bhedatthaṅgamaṃ passanto byatirekavasena anussavādito accantatthaṅgamaṃ passati, maggakkhaṇe pana ārammaṇato accantatthaṅgamaṃ passanto asammohato itarampi passati. Idha pana bhedatthaṅgamaṃ dassento āha ‘‘atthaṅgamanti bheda’’nti. Kāmānaṃ uppattibhedaggahaṇeneva ¶ cettha yathā kāmānaṃ paṭiccasamuppannatā vibhāvitā, evaṃ kāmavatthunopīti ubhayesampi aniccatā dukkhatā anattatā ca vibhāvitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Madhurabhāvanti iminā kāmasannissitaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ dasseti. ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ime pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ kāmānaṃ assādo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.166) hi vuttaṃ. Amadhurabhāvanti iminā pana kāmahetukaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ dasseti.

Phassāyatanānanti chadvārikassa phassassa kāraṇabhūtānaṃ cakkhādiāyatanānaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘cakkhādīnaṃ cakkhusamphassādikāraṇāna’’nti. Punabbhavakaraṇaṃ ¶ punobhavo uttarapadalopena, mano-saddassa viya ca purimapadassa okārantatā daṭṭhabbā. Punobhavo sīlametesanti ponobhavikā. Atha vā sīlatthena ikasaddena gamitatthattā kiriyāvācakasaddassa adassanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ yathā apūpabhakkhanasīlo āpūpiko. Atha vā punabbhavaṃ denti, punabbhavāya saṃvattanti, punappunabbhave nibbattentīti ponobhavikā. ‘‘Taddhitā’’ti hi bahuvacananiddesā vicittattā vā taddhitānaṃ abhidhānalakkhaṇattā vā ‘‘punabbhavaṃ dentī’’tiādīsupi atthesu ponobhavikasaddasiddhi daṭṭhabbā.

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