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5. Pañcakanipāto

1. Rājadattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Pañcakanipāte ¶ ¶ bhikkhu sivathikaṃ gantvātiādikā āyasmato rājadattattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro, tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññaṃ upacinanto, ito catuddase kappe buddhasuññe loke ¶ kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto, ekadivasaṃ kenacideva karaṇīyena vanantaṃ upagato tattha aññataraṃ paccekabuddhaṃ rukkhamūle nisinnaṃ disvā pasannamānaso suparisuddhaṃ ambāṭakaphalaṃ adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ satthavāhakule nibbatti. Tassa mahārājaṃ vessavaṇaṃ ārādhetvā paṭiladdhabhāvato mātāpitaro rājadattoti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vayappatto pañcahi sakaṭasatehi bhaṇḍaṃ ādāya vāṇijjavasena rājagahaṃ agamāsi. Tena ca samayena rājagahe aññatarā gaṇikā abhirūpā dassanīyā paramasobhaggayogato divase divase sahassaṃ labhati. Atha so satthavāhaputto divase divase tassā gaṇikāya sahassaṃ datvā saṃvāsaṃ kappento nacirasseva sabbaṃ dhanaṃ khepetvā duggato hutvā ghāsacchādanamattampi alabhanto ito cito ca paribbhamanto saṃvegappatto ahosi. So ekadivasaṃ upāsakehi saddhiṃ veḷuvanaṃ agamāsi.

Tena ca samayena satthā mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ desento nisinno hoti. So parisapariyante nisīditvā satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā dhutaṅgāni samādiyitvā susāne vasati. Tadā aññataropi satthavāhaputto sahassaṃ datvā tāya gaṇikāya saha vasati. Sā ca gaṇikā tassa hatthe mahaggharatanaṃ disvā lobhaṃ uppādetvā aññehi dhuttapurisehi taṃ mārāpetvā taṃ ratanaṃ gaṇhi. Atha tassa satthavāhaputtassa manussā taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā ocarakamanusse pesesuṃ. Te rattiyaṃ tassā gaṇikāya gharaṃ pavisitvā chaviādīni anupahacceva taṃ māretvā sivathikāya chaḍḍesuṃ. Rājadattatthero asubhanimittaṃ gahetuṃ susāne vicaranto tassā gaṇikāya kaḷevaraṃ ¶ paṭikkulato manasi kātuṃ upagato katipayavāre yoniso manasi katvā aciramatabhāvato soṇasiṅgālādīhi anupahatachavitāya visabhāgavatthutāya ca ayoniso ¶ manasikaronto, tattha kāmarāgaṃ uppādetvā saṃviggataramānaso attano cittaṃ paribhāsitvā muhuttaṃ ekamantaṃ apasakkitvā ādito upaṭṭhitaṃ asubhanimittameva gahetvā yoniso manasikaronto jhānaṃ uppādetvā taṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā tāvadeva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.44.55-59) –

‘‘Vipine buddhaṃ disvāna, sayambhuṃ aparājitaṃ;

Ambāṭakaṃ gahetvāna, sayambhussa adāsahaṃ.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ phalamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā pītisomanassajāto –

315.

‘‘Bhikkhu ¶ sivathikaṃ gantvā, addasa itthimujjhitaṃ;

Apaviddhaṃ susānasmiṃ, khajjantiṃ kimihī phuṭaṃ.

316.

‘‘Yañhi eke jigucchanti, mataṃ disvāna pāpakaṃ;

Kāmarāgo pāturahu, andhova savatī ahuṃ.

317.

‘‘Oraṃ odanapākamhā, tamhā ṭhānā apakkamiṃ;

Satimā sampajānohaṃ, ekamantaṃ upāvisiṃ.

318.

‘‘Tato me manasīkāro, yoniso udapajjatha;

Ādīnavo pāturahu, nibbidā samatiṭṭhatha.

319.

‘‘Tato cittaṃ vimucci me, passa dhammasudhammataṃ;

Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti. –

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha ¶ bhikkhu sivathikaṃ gantvāti saṃsāre bhayassa ikkhanato bhikkhu, asubhakammaṭṭhānatthaṃ āmakasusānaṃ upagantvā. ‘‘Bhikkhū’’ti cetaṃ attānaṃ sandhāya thero sayaṃ vadati. Itthinti thīyati ettha sukkasoṇitaṃ sattasantānabhāvena saṃhaññatīti thī, mātugāmo. Evañca sabhāvaniruttivasena ‘‘itthī’’tipi vuccati. Vañjhādīsu pana taṃsadisatāya taṃsabhāvānativattanato ca tabbohāro. ‘‘Itthī’’ti itthikaḷevaraṃ vadati. Ujjhitanti pariccattaṃ ujjhaniyattā eva apaviddhaṃ anapekkhabhāvena khittaṃ. Khajjantiṃ kimihī phuṭanti kimīhi pūritaṃ hutvā khajjamānaṃ.

Yañhi ¶ eke jigucchanti, mataṃ disvāna pāpakanti yaṃ apagatāyuusmāviññāṇatāya mataṃ kaḷevaraṃ pāpakaṃ nihīnaṃ lāmakaṃ eke cokkhajātikā jigucchanti, oloketumpi na icchanti. Kāmarāgo pāturahūti tasmiṃ kuṇape ayonisomanasikārassa balavatāya kāmarāgo mayhaṃ pāturahosi uppajji. Andhova savatī ahunti tasmiṃ kaḷevare navahi dvārehi asuciṃ savati sandante asucibhāvassa adassanena andho viya ahosiṃ. Tenāha –

‘‘Ratto atthaṃ na jānāti, ratto dhammaṃ na passati;

Andhatamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ rāgo sahate nara’’nti ca.

‘‘Kāmacchando kho, brāhmaṇa, andhakaraṇo acakkhukaraṇo’’ti ca ādi. Keci panettha takārāgamaṃ katvā ‘‘kilesapariyuṭṭhānena avasavatti kilesassa vā vasavattī’’ti atthaṃ vadanti. Apare ‘‘andhova asati ahu’’nti pāḷiṃ ¶ vatvā ‘‘kāmarāgena andho eva hutvā satirahito ahosi’’nti atthaṃ vadanti. Tadubhayaṃ pana pāḷiyaṃ natthi.

Oraṃ odanapākamhāti odanapākato oraṃ, yāvatā kālena suparidhotatintataṇḍulanāḷiyā odanaṃ pacati, tato orameva kālaṃ, tatopi lahukālena rāgaṃ vinodento, tamhā ṭhānā apakkamiṃ yasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitassa me rāgo uppajji, tamhā ṭhānā apakkamiṃ apasakkiṃ. Apakkantova satimā sampajānohaṃ samaṇasaññaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā satipaṭṭhānamanasikāravasena satimā, sammadeva dhammasabhāvajānanena sampajāno ¶ ca hutvā ekamantaṃ upāvisiṃ, pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisīdiṃ. Nisinnassa ca tato me manasīkāro, yoniso udapajjathātiādi sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayamevāti.

Rājadattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Subhūtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Ayogetiādikā āyasmato subhūtattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto kassapassa bhagavato kāle bārāṇasiyaṃ gahapatimahāsālakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā pasannamānaso saraṇesu ca sīlesu ca patiṭṭhāya māse māse aṭṭhakkhattuṃ catujjātiyagandhena satthu gandhakuṭiṃ ¶ opuñjāpesi. So tena puññakammena nibbattanibbattaṭṭhāne sugandhasarīro hutvā, imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadharaṭṭhe gahapatikule nibbattitvā subhūtoti laddhanāmo vayappatto, nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāsaṃ pahāya titthiyesu pabbajitvā tattha sāraṃ alabhanto, satthu santike upatissakolitaselādike bahū samaṇabrāhmaṇe pabbajitvā sāmaññasukhaṃ anubhavante disvā sāsane paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā ācariyupajjhāye ārādhetvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā vivekavāsaṃ vasanto vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.55.272-308) –

‘‘Imamhi bhaddake kappe, brahmabandhu mahāyaso;

Kassapo nāma gottena, uppajji vadataṃ varo.

‘‘Anubyañjanasampanno, bāttiṃsavaralakkhaṇo;

Byāmappabhāparivuto, raṃsijālasamotthaṭo.

‘‘Assāsetā yathā cando, sūriyova pabhaṅkaro;

Nibbāpetā yathā megho, sāgarova guṇākaro.

‘‘Dharaṇīriva ¶ sīlena, himavāva samādhinā;

Ākāso viya paññāya, asaṅgo anilo yathā.

‘‘Tadāhaṃ bārāṇasiyaṃ, upapanno mahākule;

Pahūtadhanadhaññasmiṃ, nānāratanasañcaye.

‘‘Mahatā parivārena, nisinnaṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Upecca dhammamassosiṃ, amataṃva manoharaṃ.

‘‘Dvattiṃsalakkhaṇadharo, sanakkhattova candimā;

Anubyañjanasampanno, sālarājāva phullito.

‘‘Raṃsijālaparikkhitto, dittova kanakācalo;

Byāmappabhāparivuto, sataraṃsī divākaro.

‘‘Soṇṇānano jinavaro, samaṇīva siluccayo;

Karuṇāpuṇṇahadayo, guṇena viya sāgaro.

‘‘Lokavissutakitti ca, sinerūva naguttamo;

Yasasā vitthato vīro, ākāsasadiso muni.

‘‘Asaṅgacitto sabbattha, anilo viya nāyako;

Patiṭṭhā sabbabhūtānaṃ, mahīva munisattamo.

‘‘Anupalitto lokena, toyena padumaṃ yathā;

Kuvādagacchadahano, aggikkhandhova sobhati.

‘‘Agado ¶ viya sabbattha, kilesavisanāsako;

Gandhamādanaselova, guṇagandhavibhūsito.

‘‘Guṇānaṃ ākaro vīro, ratanānaṃva sāgaro;

Sindhūva vanarājīnaṃ, kilesamalahārako.

‘‘Vijayīva mahāyodho, mārasenāvamaddano;

Cakkavattīva so rājā, bojjhaṅgaratanissaro.

‘‘Mahābhisakkasaṅkāso, dosabyādhitikicchako;

Sallakatto yathā vejjo, diṭṭhigaṇḍaviphālako.

‘‘So ¶ tadā lokapajjoto, sanarāmarasakkato;

Parisāsu narādicco, dhammaṃ desayate jino.

‘‘Dānaṃ datvā mahābhogo, sīlena sugatūpago;

Bhāvanāya ca nibbāti, iccevamanusāsatha.

‘‘Desanaṃ taṃ mahassādaṃ, ādimajjhantasobhanaṃ;

Suṇanti parisā sabbā, amataṃva mahārasaṃ.

‘‘Sutvā sumadhuraṃ dhammaṃ, pasanno jinasāsane;

Sugataṃ saraṇaṃ gantvā, yāvajīvaṃ namassahaṃ.

‘‘Munino gandhakuṭiyā, opuñjesiṃ tadā mahiṃ;

Catujjātena gandhena, māse aṭṭha dinesvahaṃ.

‘‘Paṇidhāya sugandhattaṃ, sarīravissagandhino;

Tadā jino viyākāsi, sugandhatanulābhitaṃ.

‘‘Yo yaṃ gandhakuṭibhūmiṃ, gandhenopuñjate sakiṃ;

Tena kammavipākena, upapanno tahiṃ tahiṃ.

‘‘Sugandhadeho sabbattha, bhavissati ayaṃ naro;

Guṇagandhayutto hutvā, nibbāyissatināsavo.

‘‘Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.

‘‘Pacchime ca bhave dāni, jāto vippakule ahaṃ;

Gabbhaṃ me vasato mātā, dehenāsi sugandhitā.

‘‘Yadā ca mātukucchimhā, nikkhamāmi tadā purī;

Sāvatthi sabbagandhehi, vāsitā viya vāyatha.

‘‘Pupphavassañca surabhi, dibbagandhaṃ manoramaṃ;

Dhūpāni ca mahagghāni, upavāyiṃsu tāvade.

‘‘Devā ¶ ca sabbagandhehi, dhūpapupphehi taṃ gharaṃ;

Vāsayiṃsu sugandhena, yasmiṃ jāto ahaṃ ghare.

‘‘Yadā ¶ ca taruṇo bhaddo, paṭhame yobbane ṭhito;

Tadā selaṃ saparisaṃ, vinetvā narasārathi.

‘‘Tehi sabbehi parivuto, sāvatthipuramāgato;

Tadā buddhānubhāvaṃ taṃ, disvā pabbajito ahaṃ.

‘‘Sīlaṃ samādhipaññañca, vimuttiñca anuttaraṃ;

Bhāvetvā caturo dhamme, pāpuṇiṃ āsavakkhayaṃ.

‘‘Yadā pabbajito cāhaṃ, yadā ca arahā ahuṃ;

Nibbāyissaṃ yadā cāhaṃ, gandhavasso tadā ahu.

‘‘Sarīragandho ca sadātiseti me, mahārahaṃ candanacampakuppalaṃ;

Tatheva gandhe itare ca sabbaso, pasayha vāyāmi tato tahiṃ tahiṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā titthiyesu pabbajitvā attano pattaṃ attakilamathānuyogaṃ dukkhaṃ, sāsane pabbajitvā pattaṃ jhānādisukhañca cintetvā attano paṭipattipaccavekkhaṇamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto –

320.

‘‘Ayoge ¶ yuñjamattānaṃ, puriso kiccamicchako;

Caraṃ ce nādhigaccheyya, taṃ me dubbhagalakkhaṇaṃ.

321.

‘‘Abbūḷhaṃ aghagataṃ vijitaṃ, ekañce ossajeyya kalīva siyā;

Sabbānipi ce ossajeyya andhova siyā, samavisamassa adassanato.

322.

‘‘Yañhi kayirā tañhi vade, yaṃ na kayirā na taṃ vade;

Akarontaṃ bhāsamānaṃ, parijānanti paṇḍitā.

323.

‘‘Yathāpi ruciraṃ pupphaṃ, vaṇṇavantaṃ agandhakaṃ;

Evaṃ subhāsitā vācā, aphalā hoti akubbato.

324.

‘‘Yathāpi ¶ ruciraṃ pupphaṃ, vaṇṇavantaṃ sugandhakaṃ;

Evaṃ subhāsitā vācā, saphalā hoti kubbato’’ti. –

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha ayogeti ayuñjitabbe asevitabbe antadvaye. Idha pana attakilamathānuyogavasena attho veditabbo. Yuñjanti tasmiṃ attānaṃ yuñjanto yojento tathā paṭipajjanto. Kiccamicchakoti ¶ ubhayahitāvahaṃ kiccaṃ icchanto, tappaṭipakkhato ayoge caraṃ caranto ce bhaveyya. Nādhigaccheyyāti yathādhippetaṃ hitasukhaṃ na pāpuṇeyyāti ñāyo. Tasmā yaṃ ahaṃ titthiyamatavañcito ayoge yuñjiṃ, taṃ me dubbhagalakkhaṇaṃ apuññasabhāvo. ‘‘Purimakammabyāmohito ayoge yuñji’’nti dasseti.

Abbūḷhaṃ aghagataṃ vijitanti vibādhanasabhāvatāya aghā nāma rāgādayo, aghāni eva aghagataṃ, aghagatānaṃ vijitaṃ saṃsārappavatti, tesaṃ vijayo kusaladhammābhibhavo. ‘‘Aghagataṃ vijita’’nti anunāsikalopaṃ akatvā vuttaṃ. Taṃ abbūḷhaṃ anuddhataṃ yena, taṃ abbūḷhāghagataṃ vijitaṃ katvā evaṃbhūto hutvā, kilese asamucchinditvāti attho. Ekañce ossajeyyāti adutiyatāya padhānatāya ca ekaṃ appamādaṃ sammāpayogameva vā ossajeyya pariccajeyya ce. Kalīva so puggalo kāḷakaṇṇī viya siyā. Sabbānipi ce ossajeyyāti sabbānipi vimuttiyā paripācakāni saddhāvīriyasatisamādhipaññindriyāni ossajeyya ce, abhāvanāya chaḍḍeyya ce, andhova siyā samavisamassa adassanato.

Yathāti opammasampaṭipādanatthe nipāto. Ruciranti sobhanaṃ. Vaṇṇavantanti vaṇṇasaṇṭhānasampannaṃ. Agandhakanti gandharahitaṃ pālibhaddakagirikaṇṇikajayasumanādibhedaṃ. Evaṃ subhāsitā vācāti subhāsitā vācā nāma tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānasampannapupphasadisaṃ. Yathā hi agandhakaṃ pupphaṃ ¶ dhārentassa sarīre gandho na pharati, evaṃ etampi yo sakkaccasavanādīhi ¶ ca samācarati, tassa sakkaccaṃ asamācarantassa yaṃ tattha kattabbaṃ, taṃ akubbato sutagandhaṃ paṭipattigandhañca na āvahati aphalā hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘evaṃ subhāsitā vācā, aphalā hoti akubbato’’ti.

Sugandhakanti sumanacampakanīluppalapupphādibhedaṃ. Evanti yathā taṃ pupphaṃ dhārentassa sarīre gandho pharati, evaṃ tepiṭakabuddhavacanasaṅkhātā subhāsitā vācāpi yo sakkaccasavanādīhi tattha kattabbaṃ karoti, assa puggalassa saphalā hoti, sutagandhapaṭipattigandhānaṃ āvahanato mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsā. Tasmā yathovādaṃ paṭipajjeyya, yathākārī tathāvādī ca bhaveyyāti. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

Subhūtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Girimānandattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Vassati ¶ devotiādikā āyasmato girimānandattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā vayappatto gharāvāsaṃ vasanto attano bhariyāya putte ca kālaṅkate sokasallasamappito araññaṃ paviṭṭho satthārā tattha gantvā dhammaṃ kathetvā sokasalle abbūḷhe pasannamānaso sugandhapupphehi pūjetvā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā sirasi añjaliṃ katvā abhitthavi.

So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe bimbisārarañño purohitassa putto hutvā nibbatti, girimānandotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So viññutaṃ patto satthu rājagahagamane buddhānubhāvaṃ disvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karonto katipayaṃ divasaṃ gāmakāvāse vasitvā satthāraṃ vandituṃ rājagahaṃ agamāsi. Bimbisāramahārājā tassa āgamanaṃ sutvā upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘idheva, bhante, vasatha, ahaṃ catūhi paccayehi upaṭṭhahāmī’’ti sampavāretvā gato ¶ bahukiccatāya na sari. ‘‘Thero abbhokāse vasatī’’ti devatā therassa temanabhayena vassaṃ vāresuṃ. Rājā avassanakāraṇaṃ sallakkhetvā therassa kuṭikaṃ kārāpesi. Thero kuṭikāyaṃ vasanto senāsanasappāyalābhena samādhānaṃ ¶ labhitvā vīriyasamataṃ yojetvā vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.40.419-448) –

‘‘Bhariyā me kālaṅkatā, putto sivathikaṃ gato;

Mātā pitā matā bhātā, ekacitamhi ḍayhare.

‘‘Tena sokena santatto, kiso paṇḍu ahosahaṃ;

Cittakkhepo ca me āsi, tena sokena aṭṭito.

‘‘Sokasallaparetohaṃ, vanantamupasaṅkamiṃ;

Pavattaphalaṃ bhuñjitvā, rukkhamūle vasāmahaṃ.

‘‘Sumedho nāma sambuddho, dukkhassantakaro jino;

Mamuddharitukāmo so, āgañchi mama santikaṃ.

‘‘Padasaddaṃ ¶ suṇitvāna, sumedhassa mahesino;

Paggahetvānahaṃ sīsaṃ, ullokesiṃ mahāmuniṃ.

‘‘Upāgate mahāvīre, pīti me udapajjatha;

Tadāsimekaggamano, disvā taṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Satiṃ paṭilabhitvāna, paṇṇamuṭṭhimadāsahaṃ;

Nisīdi bhagavā tattha, anukampāya cakkhumā.

‘‘Nisajja tattha bhagavā, sumedho lokanāyako;

Dhammaṃ me kathayī buddho, sokasallavinodanaṃ.

‘‘Anavhitā tato āguṃ, ananuññātā ito gatā;

Yathāgatā tathā gatā, tattha kā paridevanā.

‘‘Yathāpi pathikā sattā, vassamānāya vuṭṭhiyā;

Sabhaṇḍā upagacchanti, vassassāpatanāya te.

‘‘Vasse ¶ ca te oramite, sampayanti yadicchakaṃ;

Evaṃ mātā pitā tuyhaṃ, tattha kā paridevanā.

‘‘Āgantukā pāhunakā, caliteritakampitā;

Evaṃ mātā pitā tuyhaṃ, tattha kā paridevanā.

‘‘Yathāpi urago jiṇṇaṃ, hitvā gacchati saṃ tacaṃ;

Evaṃ mātā pitā tuyhaṃ, saṃ tanuṃ idha hīyare.

‘‘Buddhassa giramaññāya, sokasallaṃ vivajjayiṃ;

Pāmojjaṃ janayitvāna, buddhaseṭṭhaṃ avandahaṃ.

‘‘Vanditvāna mahānāgaṃ, pūjayiṃ girimañjariṃ;

Dibbagandhaṃ sampavantaṃ, sumedhaṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Pūjayitvāna sambuddhaṃ, sire katvāna añjaliṃ;

Anussaraṃ guṇaggāni, santhaviṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Nittiṇṇosi mahāvīra, sabbaññu lokanāyaka;

Sabbe satte uddharasi, ñāṇena tvaṃ mahāmune.

‘‘Vimatiṃ dveḷhakaṃ vāpi, sañchindasi mahāmune;

Paṭipādesi me maggaṃ, tava ñāṇena cakkhuma.

‘‘Arahā vasipattā ca, chaḷabhiññā mahiddhikā;

Antalikkhacarā dhīrā, parivārenti tāvade.

‘‘Paṭipannā ca sekhā ca, phalaṭṭhā santi sāvakā;

Surodayeva padumā, pupphanti tava sāvakā.

‘‘Mahāsamuddovakkhobho ¶ , atulopi duruttaro;

Evaṃ ñāṇena sampanno, appameyyosi cakkhuma.

‘‘Vanditvāhaṃ lokajinaṃ, cakkhumantaṃ mahāyasaṃ;

Puthudisā namassanto, paṭikuṭiko āgañchahaṃ.

‘‘Devalokā cavitvāna, sampajāno patissato;

Okkamiṃ mātuyā kucchiṃ, sandhāvanto bhavābhave.

‘‘Agārā ¶ abhinikkhamma, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ;

Ātāpī nipako jhāyī, paṭisallānagocaro.

‘‘Padhānaṃ padahitvāna, tosayitvā mahāmuniṃ;

Candovabbhaghanā mutto, vicarāmi ahaṃ sadā.

‘‘Vivekamanuyuttomhi, upasanto nirūpadhi;

Sabbāsave pariññāya, viharāmi anāsavo.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, yaṃ buddhamabhipūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Atha therassa arahattappattiyā haṭṭhatuṭṭhe viya deve vassante upari taṃ vassane niyojanamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto –

325.

‘‘Vassati devo yathāsugītaṃ, channā me kuṭikā sukhā nivātā;

Tassaṃ viharāmi vūpasanto, atha ce patthayasī pavassa deva.

326.

‘‘Vassati devo yathāsugītaṃ, channā me kuṭikā sukhā nivātā;

Tassaṃ viharāmi santacitto, atha ce patthayasī pavassa deva.

327.

‘‘Vassati devo…pe… tassaṃ viharāmi vītarāgo…pe….

328.

‘‘Vassati devo…pe… tassaṃ viharāmi vītadoso…pe….

329.

‘‘Vassati devo…pe… tassaṃ viharāmi vītamoho;

Atha ce patthayasī pavassa devā’’ti. – imā pañca gāthā abhāsi;

Tattha ¶ yathāsugītanti sugītānurūpaṃ, sundarassa attano meghagītassa anurūpamevāti attho. Valāhako hi yathā agajjanto kevalaṃ vassanto na sobhati, evaṃ satapaṭalasahassapaṭalena uṭṭhahitvā thanayanto gajjanto vijjullatā nicchārentopi avassanto na sobhati, tathābhūto pana hutvā vassanto sobhatīti vuttaṃ ‘‘vassati devo yathāsugīta’’nti. Tenāha – ‘‘abhitthanaya, pajjunna’’ ¶ , (cariyā. 3.89; jā. 1.1.75) ‘‘gajjitā ceva vassitā cā’’ti (a. ni. 4.101; pu. pa. 157) ca. Tassaṃ viharāmīti tassaṃ kuṭikāyaṃ ariyavihāragabbhena iriyāpathavihārena viharāmi. Vūpasantacittoti aggaphalasamādhinā sammadeva upasantamānaso.

Evaṃ therassa anekavāraṃ kataṃ uyyojanaṃ sirasā sampaṭicchanto valāhakadevaputto ninnañca thalañca pūrento mahāvassaṃ vassāpesi.

Girimānandattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Sumanattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Yaṃ patthayānotiādikā āyasmato sumanattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto ito pañcanavute kappe buddhasuññe loke kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekaṃ paccekabuddhaṃ byādhitaṃ disvā harītakaṃ adāsi ¶ . So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kosalaraṭṭhe gahapatikule nibbattitvā sumanoti laddhanāmo sukhena vaḍḍhi. Tassa pana mātulo pabbajitvā arahā hutvā araññe viharanto sumane vayappatte taṃ pabbājetvā caritānukūlaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ adāsi. So tattha yogakammaṃ karonto cattāri jhānāni pañca ca abhiññāyo nibbattesi. Athassa thero vipassanāvidhiṃ ācikkhi. So ca nacireneva vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahatte patiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.44.60-71) –

‘‘Harītakaṃ āmalakaṃ, ambajambuvibhītakaṃ;

Kolaṃ bhallātakaṃ billaṃ, sayameva harāmahaṃ.

‘‘Disvāna ¶ pabbhāragataṃ, jhāyiṃ jhānarataṃ muniṃ;

Ābādhena āpīḷentaṃ, adutīyaṃ mahāmuniṃ.

‘‘Harītakaṃ gahetvāna, sayambhussa adāsahaṃ;

Khādamattamhi bhesajje, byādhi passambhi tāvade.

‘‘Pahīnadaratho buddho, anumodamakāsi me;

Bhesajjadāneniminā, byādhivūpasamena ca.

‘‘Devabhūto ¶ manusso vā, jāto vā aññajātiyā;

Sabbattha sukhito hotu, mā ca te byādhimāgamā.

‘‘Idaṃ vatvāna sambuddho, sayambhū aparājito;

Nabhaṃ abbhuggamī dhīro, haṃsarājāva ambare.

‘‘Yato harītakaṃ dinnaṃ, sayambhussa mahesino;

Imaṃ jātiṃ upādāya, byādhi me nupapajjatha.

‘‘Ayaṃ pacchimako mayhaṃ, carimo vattate bhavo;

Tisso vijjā sacchikatā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

‘‘Catunnavutito kappe, bhesajjamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, bhesajjassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahatte pana patiṭṭhito ekadivasaṃ mātulattherassa upaṭṭhānaṃ agamāsi. Taṃ thero adhigamaṃ pucchi, taṃ byākaronto –

330.

‘‘Yaṃ patthayāno dhammesu, upajjhāyo anuggahi;

Amataṃ abhikaṅkhantaṃ, kataṃ kattabbakaṃ mayā.

331.

‘‘Anuppatto sacchikato, sayaṃ dhammo anītiho;

Visuddhañāṇo nikkaṅkho, byākaromi tavantike.

332.

‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi, dibbacakkhu visodhitaṃ;

Sadattho me anuppatto, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

333.

‘‘Appamattassa ¶ me sikkhā, sussutā tava sāsane;

Sabbe me āsavā khīṇā, natthi dāni punabbhavo.

334.

‘‘Anusāsi maṃ ariyavatā, anukampi anuggahi;

Amogho tuyhamovādo, antevāsimhi sikkhito’’ti. –

Imāhi pañcahi gāthāhi sīhanādaṃ nadanto aññaṃ byākāsi.

Tattha yaṃ patthayāno dhammesu, upajjhāyo anuggahi. Amataṃ abhikaṅkhantanti samathavipassanādīsu anavajjadhammesu yaṃ dhammaṃ mayhaṃ patthayanto ākaṅkhanto upajjhāyo amataṃ nibbānaṃ abhikaṅkhantaṃ maṃ ovādadānavasena anuggaṇhi. Kataṃ kattabbakaṃ mayāti tassa adhigamatthaṃ kattabbaṃ pariññādisoḷasavidhaṃ kiccaṃ kataṃ niṭṭhāpitaṃ mayā.

Tato ¶ eva anuppatto adhigato catubbidhopi maggadhammo sacchikato. Sayaṃ dhammo anītihoti sayaṃ attanāyeva nibbānadhammo phaladhammo ca anītiho asandiddho attapaccakkho kato, ‘‘itiha, iti kirā’’ti pavattiyā itihasaṅkhātaṃ saṃsayaṃ samucchindantoyeva ariyamaggo pavattati. Tenāha ‘‘visuddhañāṇo nikkaṅkho’’tiādi. Tattha visuddhañāṇoti sabbasaṃkilesavisuddhiyā visuddhañāṇo. Tavantiketi tava samīpe.

Sadatthoti arahattaṃ. Sikkhāti ¶ adhisīlasikkhādayo. Sussutāti pariyattibāhusaccassa paṭivedhabāhusaccassa ca pāripūrivasena suṭṭhu sutā. Tava sāsaneti tava ovāde anusiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitassa.

Ariyavatāti suvisuddhasīlādivatasamādānena. Antevāsimhi sikkhitoti tuyhaṃ samīpe ciṇṇabrahmacariyavāsatāya antevāsī sikkhitavā sikkhitaadhisīlādisikkho amhīti.

Sumanattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Vaḍḍhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Sādhū ¶ hītiādikā āyasmato vaḍḍhattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde bhārukacchanagare gahapatikule nibbattitvā vaḍḍhoti laddhanāmo anupubbena vaḍḍhati. Athassa mātā saṃsāre sañjātasaṃvegā puttaṃ ñātīnaṃ niyyādetvā bhikkhunīnaṃ santike pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karontī arahattaṃ pāpuṇitvā aparena samayena puttampi viññutaṃ pattaṃ veḷudantattherassa santike pabbājesi. So pabbajito buddhavacanaṃ uggahetvā bahussuto dhammakathiko hutvā ganthadhuraṃ vahanto ekadivasaṃ ‘‘ekako santaruttarova mātaraṃ passissāmī’’ti bhikkhunupassayaṃ agamāsi. Taṃ disvā mātā ‘‘kasmā tvaṃ ekako santaruttarova idhāgato’’ti codesi. So mātarā codiyamāno ‘‘ayuttaṃ mayā kata’’nti uppannasaṃvego vihāraṃ gantvā divāṭṭhāne nisinno vipassitvā arahattaṃ patvā mātu ovādasampattipakāsanamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto –

335.

‘‘Sādhū ¶ hi kira me mātā, patodaṃ upadaṃsayi;

Yassāhaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā, anusiṭṭho janettiyā;

Āraddhavīriyo pahitatto, patto sambodhimuttamaṃ.

336.

‘‘Arahā dakkhiṇeyyomhi, tevijjo amataddaso;

Jetvā namucino senaṃ, viharāmi anāsavo.

337.

‘‘Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, ye me vijjiṃsu āsavā;

Sabbe asesā ucchinnā, na ca uppajjare puna.

338.

‘‘Visāradā kho bhaginī, evamatthaṃ abhāsayi;

Apihā nūna mayipi, vanatho te na vijjati.

339.

‘‘Pariyantakataṃ dukkhaṃ, antimoyaṃ samussayo;

Jātimaraṇasaṃsāro, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti. – imā gāthā abhāsi;

Tattha ¶ ¶ sādhū hi kira me mātā, patodaṃ upadaṃsayīti sādhu vata mātā mayhaṃ ovādasaṅkhātaṃ patodaṃ dasseti, tena me vīriyaṃ uttejentī uttamaṅge paññāsīse vijjhi. Yassāti yassā me mātuyā. Sambodhinti arahattaṃ. Ayañhettha yojanā – janettiyā me anusiṭṭho yassā anusāsanībhūtaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā ahaṃ āraddhavīriyo pahitatto viharanto uttamaṃ aggaphalaṃ sambodhiṃ arahattaṃ patto.

Tato eva ārakattā kilesehi arahā puññakkhettatāya dakkhiṇeyyo dakkhiṇāraho amhi. Pubbenivāsañāṇādivijjāttayassa adhigatattā tevijjo nibbānassa sacchikatattā amataddaso namucino mārassa senaṃ kilesavāhiniṃ bodhipakkhiyasenāya jinitvā tassa jitattāyeva anāsavo sukhaṃ viharāmīti.

Idāni ‘‘anāsavo’’ti vuttamatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ ‘‘ajjhattañcā’’ ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – ajjhattaṃ ajjhattavatthukā ca bahiddhā bahiddhavatthukā ca āsavā ye mayhaṃ ariyamaggādhigamato pubbe vijjiṃsu upalabbhiṃsu, te sabbe anavasesā ucchinnā ariyamaggena samucchinnā pahīnā puna dāni kadācipi na ca uppajjeyyuṃ na uppajjissantiyevāti.

Idāni mātu vacanaṃ aṅkusaṃ katvā attanā arahattassa adhigatattā mātaraṃ thomento ‘‘visāradā’’ti gāthamāha. Tattha visāradā khoti ekaṃsena vigatasārajjā. Evaṃ mātu attano ¶ ca arahattādhigamena satthu orasaputtabhāvaṃ ullapento mātaraṃ ‘‘bhaginī’’ti āha. Etamatthaṃ abhāsayīti etaṃ mama ovādabhūtaṃ atthaṃ abhaṇi. Evaṃ pana maṃ ovadantī na kevalaṃ visāradā eva, atha kho apihā nūna mayipi tava puttakepi apihā asanthavā maññe, kiṃ vā etena parikappanena? Vanatho te na vijjati avijjādiko vanatho tava santāne nattheva, yā maṃ bhavakkhaye niyojesīti adhippāyo.

Idāni ‘‘tayā niyojitākāreneva mayā paṭipanna’’nti dassento ‘‘pariyantakata’’nti osānagāthamāha, tassattho suviññeyyova.

Vaḍḍhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Nadīkassapattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Atthāya ¶ vata metiādikā āyasmato nadīkassapattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle ¶ kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ piṇḍāya carantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso attanā ropitassa ambarukkhassa paṭhamuppannaṃ manosilāvaṇṇaṃ ekaṃ ambaphalaṃ adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadharaṭṭhe brāhmaṇakule uruvelakassapassa bhātā hutvā nibbatto. Vayappatto nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāsaṃ anicchanto tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā tīhi tāpasasatehi saddhiṃ nerañjarāya nadiyā tīre assamaṃ māpetvā viharati. Nadītīre vasanato hissa kassapagottatāya ca nadīkassapoti samaññā ahosi. Tassa bhagavā saparisassa ehibhikkhubhāvena upasampadaṃ adāsi. Taṃ sabbaṃ khandhake (mahāva. 36-39) āgatameva. So bhagavato ādittapariyāyadesanāya (mahāva. 54; saṃ. ni. 4.28) arahatte patiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.44.81-87) –

‘‘Padumuttarabuddhassa, lokajeṭṭhassa tādino;

Piṇḍāya vicarantassa, dhārato uttamaṃ yasaṃ.

‘‘Aggaphalaṃ ¶ gahetvāna, vippasannena cetasā;

Dakkhiṇeyyassa vīrassa, adāsiṃ satthuno ahaṃ.

‘‘Tena kammena dvipadinda, lokajeṭṭha narāsabha;

Pattomhi acalaṃ ṭhānaṃ, hitvā jayaparājayaṃ.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, yaṃ dānamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, aggadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahatte pana patiṭṭhito aparabhāge attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā diṭṭhisamugghātakittanamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto –

340.

‘‘Atthāya ¶ vata me buddho, nadiṃ nerañjaraṃ agā;

Yassāhaṃ dhammaṃ sutvāna, micchādiṭṭhiṃ vivajjayiṃ.

341.

‘‘Yajiṃ uccāvace yaññe, aggihuttaṃ juhiṃ ahaṃ;

Esā suddhīti maññanto, andhabhūto puthujjano.

342.

‘‘Diṭṭhigahanapakkhando, parāmāsena mohito;

Asuddhiṃ maññisaṃ suddhiṃ, andhabhūto aviddasu.

343.

‘‘Micchādiṭṭhi pahīnā me, bhavā sabbe vidālitā;

Juhāmi dakkhiṇeyyaggiṃ, namassāmi tathāgataṃ.

344.

‘‘Mohā sabbe pahīnā me, bhavataṇhā padālitā;

Vikkhīṇo jātisaṃsāro, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti. –

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha atthāya vata meti mayhaṃ atthāya vata hitāya vata. Buddhoti sabbaññubuddho. Nadiṃ nerañjaraṃ agāti nerañjarāsaṅkhātaṃ nadiṃ agañchi, tassā nadiyā tīre ca mama bhātu uruvelakassapassa assamaṃ upagatoti adhippāyo.

Idāni yathāvuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ ‘‘yassāha’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Yassāti yassa buddhassa bhagavato. Dhammaṃ sutvānāti catusaccapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā, sotadvārānusārena upalabhitvā. Micchādiṭṭhiṃ vivajjayinti ¶ ‘‘yaññādīhi suddhi hotī’’tiādinayappavattaṃ viparītadassanaṃ pajahiṃ.

Micchādiṭṭhiṃ ¶ vivajjayinti vuttamevatthaṃ vitthāretvā dassetuṃ ‘‘yaji’’ntiādimāha. Tattha yajiṃ uccāvace yaññeti pākaṭayaññe somayāgavājapeyyādike nānāvidhe yaññe yajiṃ. Aggihuttaṃ juhiṃ ahanti tesaṃ yaññānaṃ yajanavasena āhutiṃ paggaṇhanto aggiṃ paricariṃ. Esā suddhīti maññantoti esā yaññakiriyā aggipāricariyā suddhihetubhāvato suddhi ‘‘evaṃ me saṃsārasuddhi hotī’’ti maññamāno. Andhabhūto puthujjanoti paññācakkhuvekallena avijjandhatāya andhabhūto puthujjano hutvā vanagahanapabbatagahanādīni viya duratikkamanaṭṭhena diṭṭhiyeva gahanaṃ diṭṭhigahanaṃ ¶ , taṃ pakkhando anupaviṭṭhoti diṭṭhigahanapakkhando. Parāmāsenāti dhammasabhāvaṃ atikkamitvā ‘‘idameva sacca’’nti parāmasanato parāmāsasaṅkhātena micchābhinivesena. Mohitoti mūḷhabhāvaṃ pāpito. Asuddhiṃ maññisaṃ suddhinti asuddhiṃ maggaṃ ‘‘suddhiṃ magga’’nti maññisaṃ maññiṃ. Tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘andhabhūto aviddasū’’ti. Yasmā avijjāya andhabhūto, tato eva dhammādhammaṃ yuttāyuttañca avidvā, tasmā tathā maññinti attho.

Micchādiṭṭhi pahīnā meti evaṃbhūtassa pana satthu sammukhā catusaccagabbhaṃ dhammakathaṃ sutvā yoniso paṭipajjantassa ariyamaggasammādiṭṭhiyā sabbāpi micchādiṭṭhi samucchedappahānavasena mayhaṃ pahīnā. Bhavāti kāmabhavādayo sabbepi bhavā ariyamaggasatthena vidālitā viddhaṃsitā. Juhāmi dakkhiṇeyyagginti āhavanīyādike aggī chaḍḍetvā sadevakassa lokassa aggadakkhiṇeyyatāya sabbassa ca pāpassa dahanato dakkhiṇeyyaggiṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ juhāmi paricarāmi. Tayidaṃ mayhaṃ dakkhiṇeyyaggiparicaraṇaṃ dadhinavanītamathitasappiādinirapekkhaṃ satthu namassanamevāti āha ‘‘namassāmi tathāgata’’nti. Atha vā juhāmi dakkhiṇeyyagginti dāyakānaṃ dakkhiṇāya mahapphalabhāvakaraṇena pāpassa ca dahanena dakkhiṇeyyaggibhūtaṃ attānaṃ juhāmi paricarāmi tathā katvā paricarāmi, tathā katvā pariharāmi. Pubbe aggidevaṃ namassāmi, idāni pana namassāmi tathāgatanti.

Mohā sabbe pahīnā meti dukkhe aññāṇādibhedā sabbe mohā mayhaṃ pahīnā samucchinnā, tato eva ‘‘bhavataṇhā padālitā. Vikkhīṇo jātisaṃsāro, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti tīsu padesu me-saddo ānetvā yojetabbo.

Nadīkassapattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Gayākassapattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Pāto ¶ ¶ majjhanhikantiādikā āyasmato gayākassapattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto ito ekatiṃse kappe sikhissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā araññāyatane ¶ assamaṃ kāretvā vanamūlaphalāhāro vasati. Tena ca samayena bhagavā eko adutiyo tassa assamasamīpena gacchati. So bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ ṭhito velaṃ oloketvā manoharāni kolaphalāni satthu upanesi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā vayappatto nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā dvīhi tāpasasatehi saddhiṃ gayāyaṃ viharati. Gayāyaṃ vasanato hissa kassapagottatāya ca gayākassapoti samaññā ahosi. So bhagavatā saddhiṃ parisāya ehibhikkhūpasampadaṃ datvā ādittapariyāyadesanāya (mahāva. 54) ovadiyamāno arahatte patiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.45.8-14) –

‘‘Ajinena nivatthohaṃ, vākacīradharo tadā;

Khāriyā pūrayitvānaṃ, kolaṃhāsiṃ mamassamaṃ.

‘‘Tamhi kāle sikhī buddho, eko adutiyo ahu;

Mamassamaṃ upagacchi, jānanto sabbakālikaṃ.

‘‘Sakaṃ cittaṃ pasādetvā, vanditvāna ca subbataṃ;

Ubho hatthehi paggayha, kolaṃ buddhassadāsahaṃ.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ phalamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, koladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahatte pana patiṭṭhito attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā pāpapavāhanakittanamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto –

345.

‘‘Pāto majjhanhikaṃ sāyaṃ, tikkhattuṃ divasassahaṃ;

Otariṃ udakaṃ sohaṃ, gayāya gayaphagguyā.

346.

‘‘Yaṃ ¶ mayā pakataṃ pāpaṃ, pubbe aññāsu jātisu;

Taṃ dānīdha pavāhemi, evaṃdiṭṭhi pure ahuṃ.

347.

‘‘Sutvā ¶ subhāsitaṃ vācaṃ, dhammatthasahitaṃ padaṃ;

Tathaṃ yāthāvakaṃ atthaṃ, yoniso paccavekkhisaṃ.

348.

‘‘Ninhātasabbapāpomhi, nimmalo payato suci;

Suddho suddhassa dāyādo, putto buddhassa oraso.

349.

‘‘Ogayhaṭṭhaṅgikaṃ sotaṃ, sabbapāpaṃ pavāhayiṃ;

Tisso vijjā ajjhagamiṃ, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti. –

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha paṭhamagāthāya tāva ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – pāto sūriyuggamanavelāyaṃ, majjhanhikaṃ ¶ majjhanhavelāyaṃ, sāyaṃ sāyanhavelāyanti divasassa tikkhattuṃ tayo vāre ahaṃ udakaṃ otariṃ ogāhiṃ. Otaranto ca sohaṃ na yattha katthaci yadā vā tadā vā otariṃ, atha kho gayāya mahājanassa ‘‘pāpapavāhana’’nti abhisammate gayātitthe, gayaphagguyā gayāphaggunāmake phaggunīmāsassa uttaraphaggunīnakkhatte anusaṃvaccharaṃ udakorohanamanuyutto ahosinti.

Idāni tadā yenādhippāyena udakorohanamanuyuttaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘yaṃ mayā’’ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – ‘‘yaṃ mayā pubbe ito aññāsu jātīsu pāpakammaṃ upacitaṃ. Taṃ idāni idha gayātitthe imissā ca gayāphagguyā iminā udakorohanena pavāhemi apanemi vikkhālemī’’ti. Pure satthu sāsanupagamanato pubbe evaṃdiṭṭhi evarūpaviparītadassano ahuṃ ahosiṃ.

Dhammatthasahitaṃ padanti vibhattialopena niddeso. Dhammena ca atthena ca sahitakoṭṭhāsaṃ, ādito majjhato pariyosānato ca dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ atthūpasaṃhitaṃ suṭṭhu ekantena niyyānikaṃ katvā bhāsitaṃ vācaṃ sammāsambuddhavacanaṃ sutvā tena pakāsitaṃ paramatthabhāvena tacchabhāvato tathaṃ yathārahaṃ pavattinivattiupāyabhāve byabhicārābhāvato yāthāvakaṃ dukkhādiatthaṃ yoniso upāyena pariññeyyādibhāvena paccavekkhisaṃ ‘‘dukkhaṃ pariññeyyaṃ, samudayo pahātabbo, nirodho sacchikātabbo ¶ , maggo bhāvetabbo’’ti patiavekkhiṃ, ñāṇacakkhunā passiṃ paṭivijjhinti attho.

Ninhātasabbapāpomhīti evaṃ paṭividdhasaccattā eva ariyamaggajalena vikkhālitasabbapāpo amhi. Tato eva rāgamalādīnaṃ abhāvena nimmalattā nimmalo. Tato eva ¶ parisuddhakāyasamācāratāya parisuddhavacīsamācāratāya parisuddhamanosamācāratāya payato sucisuddho. Savāsanasabbakilesamalavisuddhiyā suddhassa buddhassa bhagavato lokuttaradhammadāyassa ādiyanato dāyādo. Tasseva desanāñāṇasamuṭṭhānaurovāyāmajanitābhijātitāya oraso putto amhīti yojanā.

Punapi attano paramatthato nhātakabhāvameva vibhāvetuṃ ‘‘ogayhā’’ti osānagāthamāha. Tattha ogayhāti ogāhetvā anupavisitvā. Aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ sotanti sammādiṭṭhiādīhi aṭṭhaṅgasamodhānabhūtaṃ maggasotaṃ. Sabbapāpaṃ pavāhayinti anavasesaṃ pāpamalaṃ pakkhālesiṃ, ariyamaggajalapavāhanena paramatthanhātako ahosiṃ. Tato eva tisso vijjā ajjhagamiṃ, kataṃ buddhassa sāsananti vuttatthameva.

Gayākassapattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Vakkalittheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Vātarogābhinītotiādikā ¶ āyasmato vakkalittherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthu santikaṃ gacchantehi upāsakehi saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā parisapariyante ṭhito dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ saddhādhimuttānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānaṃ patthento sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ datvā paṇidhānaṃ akāsi. Satthā tassa anantarāyataṃ disvā byākari.

Sopi ¶ yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto amhākaṃ satthu kāle sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule nibbatti, vakkalītissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vuddhippatto tayo vede uggaṇhitvā brāhmaṇasippesu nipphattiṃ gato satthāraṃ disvā rūpakāyassa sampattidassanena atitto satthārā saddhiṃyeva vicarati. ‘‘Agāramajjhe vasanto niccakālaṃ satthāraṃ daṭṭhuṃ na labhissāmī’’ti satthu santike pabbajitvā ṭhapetvā bhojanavelaṃ sarīrakiccakālañca sesakāle yattha ṭhitena sakkā dasabalaṃ passituṃ, tattha ṭhito aññaṃ kiccaṃ pahāya bhagavantaṃ olokentova viharati. Satthā tassa ñāṇaparipākaṃ āgamento bahukālaṃ tasmiṃ rūpadassaneneva vicarante kiñci avatvā punekadivasaṃ ¶ ‘‘kiṃ te, vakkali, iminā pūtikāyena diṭṭhena? Yo kho, vakkali, dhammaṃ passati, so maṃ passati. Yo maṃ passati, so dhammaṃ passati. Dhammañhi, vakkali, passanto maṃ passati, maṃ passanto dhammaṃ passatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.87) āha.

Satthari evaṃ vadantepi thero satthu dassanaṃ pahāya aññattha gantuṃ na sakkoti. Tato satthā ‘‘nāyaṃ bhikkhu saṃvegaṃ alabhitvā bujjhissatī’’ti vassūpanāyikadivase ‘‘apehi, vakkalī’’ti theraṃ paṇāmesi. So satthārā paṇāmito sammukhe ṭhātuṃ asakkonto ‘‘kiṃ mayhaṃ jīvitena, yohaṃ satthāraṃ daṭṭhuṃ na labhāmī’’ti gijjhakūṭapabbate papātaṭṭhānaṃ abhiruhi. Satthā tassa taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā ‘‘ayaṃ bhikkhu mama santikā assāsaṃ alabhanto maggaphalānaṃ upanissayaṃ nāseyyā’’ti attānaṃ dassetuṃ obhāsaṃ vissajjento –

‘‘Pāmojjabahulo bhikkhu, pasanno buddhasāsane;

Adhigacche padaṃ santaṃ, saṅkhārūpasamaṃ sukha’’nti. (dha. pa. 381) –

Gāthaṃ vatvā ‘‘ehi, vakkalī’’ti hatthaṃ pasāresi. Thero ‘‘dasabalo me diṭṭho, ‘ehī’ti avhānampi laddha’’nti balavapītisomanassaṃ uppādetvā ¶ ‘‘kuto āgacchāmī’’ti attano gamanabhāvaṃ ajānitvā satthu sammukhe ākāse pakkhandanto paṭhamapādena pabbate ṭhitoyeva satthārā vuttagāthaṃ ¶ āvajjento ākāseyeva pītiṃ vikkhambhetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇīti aṅguttaraṭṭhakathāyaṃ (a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.208) dhammapadavaṇṇanāyañca (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 2.381) āgataṃ.

Idha pana evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘kiṃ te, vakkalī’’tiādinā satthārā ovadito gijjhakūṭe viharanto vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapesi, tassa saddhāya balavabhāvato eva vipassanā vīthiṃ na otarati, bhagavā taṃ ñatvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ sodhetvā adāsi. Puna vipassanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetuṃ nāsakkhiyeva, athassa āhāravekallena vātābādho uppajji, taṃ vātābādhena pīḷiyamānaṃ ñatvā bhagavā tattha gantvā pucchanto –

350.

‘‘Vātarogābhinīto tvaṃ, viharaṃ kānane vane;

Paviddhagocare lūkhe, kathaṃ bhikkhu karissasī’’ti. –

Āha. Taṃ sutvā thero –

351.

‘‘Pītisukhena ¶ vipulena, pharamāno samussayaṃ;

Lūkhampi abhisambhonto, viharissāmi kānane.

352.

‘‘Bhāvento satipaṭṭhāne, indriyāni balāni ca;

Bojjhaṅgāni ca bhāvento, viharissāmi kānane.

353.

‘‘Āraddhavīriye pahitatte, niccaṃ daḷhaparakkame;

Samagge sahite disvā, viharissāmi kānane.

354.

‘‘Anussaranto sambuddhaṃ, aggaṃ dantaṃ samāhitaṃ;

Atandito rattindivaṃ, viharissāmi kānane’’ti. –

Catasso gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha vātarogābhinītoti vātābādhena aseribhāvaṃ upanīto, vātabyādhinā abhibhūto. Tvanti theraṃ ālapati. Viharanti tena iriyāpathavihārena viharanto. Kānane vaneti kānanabhūte vane, mahāaraññeti attho. Paviddhagocareti vissaṭṭhagocare dullabhapaccaye. Vātarogassa sappāyānaṃ sappiādibhesajjānaṃ abhāvena pharusabhūmibhāgatāya ca lūkhe lūkhaṭṭhāne. Kathaṃ bhikkhu karissasīti bhikkhu tvaṃ kathaṃ viharissasīti bhagavā pucchi.

Taṃ ¶ sutvā thero nirāmisapītisomanassādinā attano sukhavihāraṃ pakāsento ‘‘pītisukhenā’’tiādimāha. Tattha pītisukhenāti ubbegalakkhaṇāya pharaṇalakkhaṇāya ca ¶ pītiyā taṃsampayuttasukhena ca. Tenāha ‘‘vipulenā’’ti uḷārenāti attho. Pharamāno samussayanti yathāvuttapītisukhasamuṭṭhitehi paṇītehi rūpehi sakalaṃ kāyaṃ pharāpento nirantaraṃ phuṭaṃ karonto. Lūkhampi abhisambhontoti araññāvāsajanitaṃ sallekhavuttihetukaṃ dussahampi paccayalūkhaṃ abhibhavanto adhivāsento. Viharissāmi kānaneti jhānasukhena vipassanāsukhena ca araññāyatane viharissāmīti attho. Tenāha – ‘‘sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedesi’’nti (pārā. 11).

‘‘Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;

Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’nti ca. (dha. pa. 374);

Bhāvento satipaṭṭhāneti maggapariyāpanne kāyānupassanādike cattāro satipaṭṭhāne uppādento vaḍḍhento ca. Indriyānīti maggapariyāpannāni eva saddhādīni pañcindriyāni. Balānīti tathā saddhādīni ¶ pañca balāni. Bojjhaṅgānīti tathā satisambojjhaṅgādīni satta bojjhaṅgāni. Ca-saddena sammappadhānaiddhipādamaggaṅgāni saṅgaṇhāti. Tadavinābhāvato hi taggahaṇeneva tesaṃ gahaṇaṃ hoti. Viharissāmīti yathāvutte bodhipakkhiyadhamme bhāvento maggasukhena tadadhigamasiddhena phalasukhena nibbānasukhena ca viharissāmi.

Āraddhavīriyeti catubbidhasammappadhānavasena paggahitavīriye. Pahitatteti nibbānaṃ patipesitacitte. Niccaṃ daḷhaparakkameti sabbakālaṃ asithilavīriye. Avivādavasena kāyasāmaggidānavasena ca samagge. Diṭṭhisīlasāmaññena sahite sabrahmacārī disvā. Etena kalyāṇamittasampattiṃ dasseti.

Anussaranto sambuddhanti sammā sāmaṃ sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā sammāsambuddhaṃ sabbasattuttamatāya, aggaṃ uttamena damathena dantaṃ, anuttarasamādhinā samāhitaṃ atandito analaso hutvā, rattindivaṃ sabbakālaṃ ‘‘itipi so bhagavā araha’’ntiādinā anussaranto viharissāmi. Etena buddhānussatibhāvanāya ¶ yuttākāradassanena sabbattha kammaṭṭhānānuyogamāha, purimena pārihāriyakammaṭṭhānānuyogaṃ.

Evaṃ pana vatvā thero vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.54.28-65) –

‘‘Ito satasahassamhi, kappe uppajji nāyako;

Anomanāmo amito, nāmena padumuttaro.

‘‘Padumākāravadano, padumāmalasucchavī;

Lokenānupalittova, toyena padumaṃ yathā.

‘‘Vīro padumapattakkho, kanto ca padumaṃ yathā;

Padumuttaragandhova, tasmā so padumuttaro.

‘‘Lokajeṭṭho ca nimmāno, andhānaṃ nayanūpamo;

Santaveso guṇanidhi, karuṇāmatisāgaro.

‘‘Sa kadāci mahāvīro, brahmāsurasuraccito;

Sadevamanujākiṇṇe, janamajjhe jinuttamo.

‘‘Vadanena sugandhena, madhurena rutena ca;

Rañjayaṃ parisaṃ sabbaṃ, santhavī sāvakaṃ sakaṃ.

‘‘Saddhādhimutto sumati, mama dassanalālaso;

Natthi etādiso añño, yathāyaṃ bhikkhu vakkali.

‘‘Tadāhaṃ ¶ haṃsavatiyaṃ, nagare brāhmaṇatrajo;

Hutvā sutvā ca taṃ vākyaṃ, taṃ ṭhānamabhirocayiṃ.

‘‘Sasāvakaṃ taṃ vimalaṃ, nimantetvā tathāgataṃ;

Sattāhaṃ bhojayitvāna, dussehacchādayiṃ tadā.

‘‘Nipacca sirasā tassa, anantaguṇasāgare;

Nimuggo pītisampuṇṇo, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

‘‘Yo so tayā santhavito, ito sattamake muni;

Bhikkhu saddhāvataṃ aggo, tādiso homahaṃ mune.

‘‘Evaṃ ¶ vutte mahāvīro, anāvaraṇadassano;

Imaṃ vākyaṃ udīresi, parisāya mahāmuni.

‘‘Passathetaṃ māṇavakaṃ, pītamaṭṭhanivāsanaṃ;

Hemayaññopacitaṅgaṃ, jananettamanoharaṃ.

‘‘Eso anāgataddhāne, gotamassa mahesino;

Aggo saddhādhimuttānaṃ, sāvakoyaṃ bhavissati.

‘‘Devabhūto manusso vā, sabbasantāpavajjito;

Sabbabhogaparibyūḷho, sukhito saṃsarissati.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Tassa dhammesu dāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Vakkali nāma nāmena, hessati satthu sāvako.

‘‘Tena kammavisesena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.

‘‘Sabbattha sukhito hutvā, saṃsaranto bhavābhave;

Sāvatthiyaṃ pure jāto, kule aññatare ahaṃ.

‘‘Nonītasukhumālaṃ maṃ, jātapallavakomalaṃ;

Mandaṃ uttānasayanaṃ, pisācabhayatajjitā.

‘‘Pādamūle mahesissa, sāyesuṃ dīnamānasā;

Imaṃ dadāma te nātha, saraṇaṃ hohi nāyaka.

‘‘Tadā paṭiggahi so maṃ, bhītānaṃ saraṇo muni;

Jālinā cakkaṅkitena, mudukomalapāṇinā.

‘‘Tadā pabhuti tenāhaṃ, arakkheyyena rakkhito;

Sabbaveravinimutto, sukhena parivuddhito.

‘‘Sugatena ¶ vinā bhūto, ukkaṇṭhāmi muhuttakaṃ;

Jātiyā sattavassohaṃ, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.

‘‘Sabbapāramisambhūtaṃ ¶ , nīlakkhinayanaṃ varaṃ;

Rūpaṃ sabbasubhākiṇṇaṃ, atitto viharāmahaṃ.

‘‘Buddharūparatiṃ ñatvā, tadā ovadi maṃ jino;

Alaṃ vakkali kiṃ rūpe, ramase bālanandite.

‘‘Yo hi passati saddhammaṃ, so maṃ passati paṇḍito;

Apassamāno saddhammaṃ, maṃ passampi na passati.

‘‘Anantādīnavo kāyo, visarukkhasamūpamo;

Āvāso sabbarogānaṃ, puñjo dukkhassa kevalo.

‘‘Nibbindiya tato rūpe, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;

Passa upakkilesānaṃ, sukhenantaṃ gamissasi.

‘‘Evaṃ tenānusiṭṭhohaṃ, nāyakena hitesinā;

Gijjhakūṭaṃ samāruyha, jhāyāmi girikandare.

‘‘Ṭhito pabbatapādamhi, assāsayi mahāmuni;

Vakkalīti jino vācaṃ, taṃ sutvā mudito ahaṃ.

‘‘Pakkhandiṃ selapabbhāre, anekasataporise;

Tadā buddhānubhāvena, sukheneva mahiṃ gato.

‘‘Punopi dhammaṃ deseti, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;

Tamahaṃ dhammamaññāya, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

‘‘Sumahāparisamajjhe, tadā maṃ caraṇantago;

Aggaṃ saddhādhimuttānaṃ, paññapesi mahāmati.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ ¶ pana patvā aññaṃ byākarontopi thero imā eva gāthā abhāsi. Atha naṃ satthā bhikkhusaṅghamajjhe nisinno saddhādhimuttānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.

Vakkalittheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Vijitasenattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Olaggessāmītiādikā ¶ ¶ āyasmato vijitasenattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto atthadassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto gharāvāsaṃ pahāya isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā araññe viharanto ākāsena gacchantaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso pasannākāraṃ dassento añjaliṃ paggayha aṭṭhāsi. Satthā tassa ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvā ākāsato otari. So bhagavato manoharāni madhurāni phalāni upanesi, paṭiggahesi bhagavā anukampaṃ upādāya. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kosalaraṭṭhe hatthācariyakule nibbattitvā vijitasenoti laddhanāmo viññutaṃ pāpuṇi. Tassa mātulā seno ca upaseno cāti dve hatthācariyā satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddhā pabbajitvā vāsadhuraṃ pūrentā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Vijitasenopi hatthisippe nipphattiṃ gato nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāse alaggamānaso satthu yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ disvā paṭiladdhasaddho mātulattherānaṃ santike pabbajitvā tesaṃ ovādānusāsaniyā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto vipassanāvīthiṃ laṅghitvā bahiddhā nānārammaṇe vidhāvantaṃ attano cittaṃ ovadanto –

355.

‘‘Olaggessāmi te citta, āṇidvāreva hatthinaṃ;

Na taṃ pāpe niyojessaṃ, kāmajālaṃ sarīrajaṃ.

356.

‘‘Tvaṃ olaggo na gacchasi, dvāravivaraṃ gajova alabhanto;

Na ca cittakali punappunaṃ, pasakka pāparato carissasi.

357.

‘‘Yathā kuñjaraṃ adantaṃ, navaggahamaṅkusaggaho;

Balavā āvatteti akāmaṃ, evaṃ āvattayissaṃ taṃ.

358.

‘‘Yathā varahayadamakusalo, sārathipavaro dameti ājaññaṃ;

Evaṃ damayissaṃ taṃ, patiṭṭhito pañcasu balesu.

359.

‘‘Satiyā ¶ ¶ taṃ nibandhissaṃ, payutto te damessāmi;

Vīriyadhuraniggahito, na yito dūraṃ gamissase cittā’’ti. –

Gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha olaggessāmīti saṃvarissāmi nivāressāmi. Teti taṃ. Upayogatthe hi idaṃ sāmivacanaṃ ¶ . Te gamananti vā vacanaseso. Hatthinanti ca hatthinti attho. Cittāti attano cittaṃ ālapati. Yathā taṃ vāretukāmo, taṃ dassento ‘‘āṇidvāreva hatthina’’nti āha. Āṇidvāraṃ nāma pākārabaddhassa nagarassa khuddakadvāraṃ, yaṃ ghaṭikāchidde āṇimhi pakkhitte yantena vinā abbhantare ṭhitehipi vivarituṃ na sakkā. Yena manussagavassamahiṃsādayo na niggantuṃ sakkā. Nagarato bahi niggantukāmampi hatthiṃ yato palobhetvā hatthācariyo gamanaṃ nivāresi. Atha vā āṇidvāraṃ nāma palighadvāraṃ. Tattha hi tiriyaṃ palighaṃ ṭhapetvā rukkhasūcisaṅkhātaṃ āṇiṃ palighasīse āvuṇanti. Pāpeti rūpādīsu uppajjanakaabhijjhādipāpadhamme taṃ na niyojessaṃ na niyojissāmi. Kāmajālāti kāmassa jālabhūtaṃ. Yathā hi macchabandhamigaluddānaṃ jālaṃ nāma macchādīnaṃ tesaṃ yathākāmakārasādhanaṃ, evaṃ ayonisomanasikārānupātitaṃ cittaṃ mārassa kāmakārasādhanaṃ. Tena hi so satte anatthesu pāteti. Sarīrajāti sarīresu uppajjanaka. Pañcavokārabhave hi cittaṃ rūpapaṭibaddhavuttitāya ‘‘sarīraja’’nti vuccati.

Tvaṃ olaggo na gacchasīti tvaṃ, cittakali, mayā satipaññāpatodaaṅkusehi vārito na dāni yathāruciṃ gamissasi, ayonisomanasikāravasena yathākāmaṃ vattituṃ na labhissasi. Yathā kiṃ? Dvāravivaraṃ gajova alabhanto nagarato gajanirodhato vā niggamanāya dvāravivarakaṃ alabhamāno hatthī viya. Cittakalīti cittakāḷakaṇṇi. Punappunanti aparāparaṃ. Pasakkāti saraṇasampassāsavasena. Pāparatoti pāpakammanirato pubbe viya idāni na carissasi tathā carituṃ na dassāmīti attho.

Adantanti ¶ adamitaṃ hatthisikkhaṃ asikkhitaṃ. Navaggahanti aciragahitaṃ. Aṅkusaggahoti hatthācariyo. Balavāti kāyabalena ñāṇabalena ca balavā. Āvatteti akāmanti anicchantameva nisedhanato nivatteti. Evaṃ āvattayissanti yathā yathāvuttaṃ hatthiṃ hatthācariyo, evaṃ taṃ cittaṃ cittakaliṃ duccaritanisedhanato nivattayissāmi.

Varahayadamakusaloti ¶ uttamānaṃ assadammānaṃ damane kusalo. Tato eva sārathipavaro assadammasārathīsu visiṭṭho dameti ājaññaṃ ājānīyaṃ assadammaṃ desakālānurūpaṃ saṇhapharusehi dameti vineti nibbisevanaṃ karoti. Patiṭṭhito pañcasu balesūti saddhādīsu pañcasu balesu patiṭṭhito hutvā assaddhiyādinisedhanato taṃ damayissaṃ damessāmīti attho.

Satiyā ¶ taṃ nibandhissanti gocarajjhattato bahi gantuṃ adento satiyottena kammaṭṭhānathambhe, cittakali, taṃ nibandhissāmi niyamessāmi. Payutto te damessāmīti tattha nibandhanto eva yuttappayutto hutvā te damessāmi, saṃkilesamalato taṃ visodhessāmi. Vīriyadhuraniggahitoti yathāvutto chekena susārathinā yuge yojito yuganiggahito yugantaragato taṃ nātikkamati, evaṃ tvampi citta, mama vīriyadhure niggahito sakkaccakāritāya sātaccakāritāya aññathā vattituṃ alabhanto ito gocarajjhattato dūraṃ bahi na gamissasi. Bhāvanānuyuttassa hi kammaṭṭhānato aññaṃ āsannampi lakkhaṇato dūramevāti evaṃ thero imāhi gāthāhi attano cittaṃ niggaṇhantova vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.45.22-30) –

‘‘Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhaṃ, dvattiṃsavaralakkhaṇaṃ;

Vipinaggena gacchantaṃ, sālarājaṃva phullitaṃ.

‘‘Tiṇattharaṃ paññāpetvā, buddhaseṭṭhaṃ ayācahaṃ;

Anukampatu maṃ buddho, bhikkhaṃ icchāmi dātave.

‘‘Anukampako ¶ kāruṇiko, atthadassī mahāyaso;

Mama saṅkappamaññāya, orūhi mama assame.

‘‘Orohitvāna sambuddho, nisīdi paṇṇasanthare;

Bhallātakaṃ gahetvāna, buddhaseṭṭhassadāsahaṃ.

‘‘Mama nijjhāyamānassa, paribhuñji tadā jino;

Tattha cittaṃ pasādetvā, abhivandiṃ tadā jinaṃ.

‘‘Aṭṭhārase kappasate, yaṃ phalamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā aññaṃ byākarontopi imā gāthā abhāsi.

Vijitasenattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Yasadattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Upārambhacittotiādikā āyasmato yasadattattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacini. Tathā hesa padumuttarassa ¶ bhagavato kāle brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā brāhmaṇānaṃ vijjāsippesu nipphattiṃ gato kāme pahāya isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā araññe viharanto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ disvā pasannamānaso añjaliṃ paggayha abhitthavi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde mallaraṭṭhe mallarājakule nibbattitvā yasadattoti laddhanāmo, vayappatto takkasilaṃ gantvā sabbasippāni sikkhitvā sabhiyena paribbājakena saddhiṃyeva cārikaṃ caramāno, anupubbena sāvatthiyaṃ bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā sabhiyena puṭṭhapañhesu ¶ vissajjiyamānesu sayaṃ otārāpekkho suṇanto nisīdi ‘‘samaṇassa gotamassa vāde dosaṃ dassāmī’’ti. Athassa bhagavā cittācāraṃ ñatvā sabhiyasuttadesanāvasāne (su. ni. sabhiyasutta) ovādaṃ dento –

360.

‘‘Upārambhacitto ¶ dummedho, suṇāti jinasāsanaṃ;

Ārakā hoti saddhammā, nabhaso pathavī yathā.

361.

‘‘Upārambhacitto dummedho, suṇāti jinasāsanaṃ;

Parihāyati saddhammā, kāḷapakkheva candimā.

362.

‘‘Upārambhacitto dummedho, suṇāti jinasāsanaṃ;

Parisussati saddhamme, maccho appodake yathā.

363.

‘‘Upārambhacitto dummedho, suṇāti jinasāsanaṃ;

Na virūhati saddhamme, khette bījaṃva pūtikaṃ.

364.

‘‘Yo ca tuṭṭhena cittena, suṇāti jinasāsanaṃ;

Khepetvā āsave sabbe, sacchikatvā akuppataṃ;

Pappuyya paramaṃ santiṃ, parinibbātināsavo’’ti. –

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha upārambhacittoti sārambhacitto, dosāropanādhippāyoti attho. Dummedhoti nippañño. Ārakā hoti saddhammāti so tādiso puggalo nabhaso viya pathavī paṭipattisaddhammatopi dūre hoti, pageva paṭivedhasaddhammato. ‘‘Na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.18) viggāhikakathaṃ anuyuttassa kuto santanipuṇo paṭipattisaddhammo.

Parihāyati saddhammāti navavidhalokuttaradhammato pubbabhāgiyasaddhādisaddhammatopi nihīyati. Parisussatīti visussati kāyacittānaṃ pīṇanarasassa pītipāmojjādikusaladhammassābhāvato. Na virūhatīti ¶ virūḷhiṃ vuddhiṃ na pāpuṇāti. Pūtikanti gomayalepadānādiabhāvena pūtibhāvaṃ pattaṃ.

Tuṭṭhena cittenāti itthambhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ, attamano pamudito hutvāti attho. Khepetvāti samucchinditvā. Akuppatanti arahattaṃ. Pappuyyāti pāpuṇitvā. Paramaṃ santinti anupādisesaṃ nibbānaṃ. Tadadhigamo ¶ cassa kevalaṃ kālāgamanameva, na kocividhoti taṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘parinibbātināsavo’’ti.

Evaṃ satthārā ovadito saṃvegajāto pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.44.35-43) –

‘‘Kaṇikāraṃva ¶ jalitaṃ, dīparukkhaṃva jotitaṃ;

Kañcanaṃva virocantaṃ, addasaṃ dvipaduttamaṃ.

‘‘Kamaṇḍaluṃ ṭhapetvāna, vākacīrañca kuṇḍikaṃ;

Ekaṃsaṃ ajinaṃ katvā, buddhaseṭṭhaṃ thaviṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Tamandhakāraṃ vidhamaṃ, mohajālasamākulaṃ;

Ñāṇālokaṃ dassetvāna, nittiṇṇosi mahāmuni.

‘‘Samuddharasimaṃ lokaṃ, sabbāvantamanuttaraṃ;

Ñāṇe te upamā natthi, yāvatā jagato gati.

‘‘Tena ñāṇena sabbaññū, iti buddho pavuccati;

Vandāmi taṃ mahāvīraṃ, sabbaññutamanāvaraṃ.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, buddhaseṭṭhaṃ thaviṃ ahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, ñāṇatthavāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā aññaṃ byākarontopi thero imā eva gāthā abhāsi.

Yasadattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

11. Soṇakuṭikaṇṇattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Upasampadā ¶ ca me laddhātiādikā āyasmato soṇassa kuṭikaṇṇassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayaṃ kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare vibhavasampanno seṭṭhi hutvā uḷārāya issariyasampattiyā ṭhito ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ satasahassakhīṇāsavaparivutaṃ mahatiyā ¶ buddhalīḷāya mahantena buddhānubhāvena nagaraṃ pavisantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso vanditvā añjaliṃ katvā aṭṭhāsi. So pacchābhattaṃ upāsakehi saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā bhagavato santike dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ kalyāṇavākkaraṇānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānaṃ patthetvā mahādānaṃ datvā paṇidhānaṃ akāsi. Satthā tassa anantarāyataṃ disvā ‘‘anāgate gotamassa nāma sammāsambuddhassa sāsane kalyāṇavākkaraṇānaṃ aggo bhavissatī’’ti byākāsi.

So tattha yāvajīvaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto vipassissa bhagavato kāle sāsane pabbajitvā vattapaṭivattāni pūrento ekassa bhikkhuno cīvaraṃ sibbitvā adāsi. Puna buddhasuññe loke bārāṇasiyaṃ tunnavāyo hutvā ekassa paccekabuddhassa cīvarakoṭiṃ chinnaṃ ghaṭetvā adāsi. Evaṃ tattha tattha puññāni katvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde avantiraṭṭhe kuraraghare mahāvibhavassa seṭṭhino putto hutvā nibbatti. Soṇotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Koṭiagghanakassa kaṇṇapiḷandhanassa dhāraṇena ‘‘koṭikaṇṇo’’ti vattabbe kuṭikaṇṇoti paññāyittha.

So anukkamena vaḍḍhitvā kuṭumbaṃ saṇṭhapento āyasmante mahākaccāne kulagharaṃ nissāya pavattapabbate viharante tassa santike dhammaṃ sutvā saraṇesu ca sīlesu ca patiṭṭhāya taṃ catūhi paccayehi upaṭṭhahi. So aparabhāge saṃsāre sañjātasaṃvego therassa santike pabbajitvā kicchena kasirena dasavaggaṃ saṅghaṃ sannipātetvā upasampajjitvā katipayakālaṃ therassa santike vasitvā, theraṃ āpucchitvā satthāraṃ vandituṃ sāvatthiṃ upagato, satthārā ekagandhakuṭiyaṃ vāsaṃ labhitvā paccūsasamaye ajjhiṭṭho soḷasaaṭṭhakavaggiyānaṃ ¶ ussāraṇena sādhukāraṃ datvā bhāsitāya ‘‘disvā ādīnavaṃ loke’’ti (udā. 46; mahāva. 258) udānagāthāya pariyosāne vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.44.26-34) –

‘‘Padumuttaro ¶ nāma jino, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho;

Vasīsatasahassehi, nagaraṃ pāvisī tadā.

‘‘Nagaraṃ ¶ pavisantassa, upasantassa tādino;

Ratanāni pajjotiṃsu, nigghoso āsi tāvade.

‘‘Buddhassa ānubhāvena, bherī vajjumaghaṭṭitā;

Sayaṃ vīṇā pavajjanti, buddhassa pavisato puraṃ.

‘‘Buddhaseṭṭhaṃ namassāmi, padumuttaramahāmuniṃ;

Pāṭihīrañca passitvā, tattha cittaṃ pasādayiṃ.

‘‘Aho buddho aho dhammo, aho no satthu sampadā;

Acetanāpi tūriyā, sayameva pavajjare.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, yaṃ saññamalabhiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhasaññāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahatte pana patiṭṭhito attano upajjhāyena ācikkhitaniyāmena paccantimesu janapadesu vinayadharapañcamena gaṇena upasampadā, dhuvanhānaṃ, cammattharaṇaṃ, guṇaṅguṇūpāhanaṃ, cīvaravippavāsoti pañca vare yācitvā te satthu santikā labhitvā punadeva attano vasitaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā upajjhāyassa tamatthaṃ ārocesi. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana udānaṭṭhakathāyaṃ āgatanayena veditabbo. Aṅguttaraṭṭhakathāyaṃ (a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.206) pana ‘‘upasampanno hutvā attano upajjhāyassa santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇī’’ti vuttaṃ.

So aparabhāge vimuttisukhena viharanto attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā somanassajāto udānavasena –

365.

‘‘Upasampadā ca me laddhā, vimutto camhi anāsavo;

So ca me bhagavā diṭṭho, vihāre ca sahāvasiṃ.

366.

‘‘Bahudeva rattiṃ bhagavā, abbhokāsetināmayi;

Vihārakusalo satthā, vihāraṃ pāvisī tadā.

367.

‘‘Santharitvāna ¶ saṅghāṭiṃ, seyyaṃ kappesi gotamo;

Sīho selaguhāyaṃva, pahīnabhayabheravo.

368.

‘‘Tato kalyāṇavākkaraṇo, sammāsambuddhasāvako;

Soṇo abhāsi saddhammaṃ, buddhaseṭṭhassa sammukhā.

369.

‘‘Pañcakkhandhe ¶ pariññāya, bhāvayitvāna añjasaṃ;

Pappuyya paramaṃ santiṃ, parinibbissatyanāsavo’’ti. –

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha upasampadā ca me laddhāti yā sā kicchena dasavaggaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātetvā attanā laddhā upasampadā. Yā ca pana varadānavasena sabbapaccantimesu janapadesu vinayadharapañcamena gaṇena satthārā anuññātā upasampadā, tadubhayaṃ sandhāyāha. Ca-saddo ¶ samuccayattho, tena itarepi satthu santikā laddhavare saṅgaṇhāti. Vimutto camhi anāsavoti aggamaggena sakalakilesavatthuvimuttiyā vimutto ca amhi. Tato eva kāmāsavādīhi anāsavo amhīti yojanā. So ca me bhagavā diṭṭhoti yadatthaṃ ahaṃ avantiraṭṭhato sāvatthiṃ gato, so ca bhagavā mayā adiṭṭhapubbo diṭṭho. Vihāre ca sahāvasinti na kevalaṃ tassa bhagavato dassanameva mayā laddhaṃ, atha kho vihāre satthu gandhakuṭiyaṃ satthārā kāraṇaṃ sallakkhetvā vāsentena saha avasiṃ. ‘‘Vihāreti vihārasamīpe’’ti keci.

Bahudeva rattinti paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammadesanāvasena kammaṭṭhānasodhanavasena ca, majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ devānaṃ brahmūnañca kaṅkhacchedanavasena bhagavā bahudeva rattiṃ abbhokāse atināmayi vītināmesi. Vihārakusaloti dibbabrahmaāneñjaariyavihāresu kusalo. Vihāraṃ pāvisīti ativelaṃ nisajjacaṅkamehi uppannaparissamavinodanatthaṃ gandhakuṭiṃ pāvisi.

Santharitvāna saṅghāṭiṃ, seyyaṃ kappesīti catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpetvā sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi. Tenāha ‘‘gotamo sīho selaguhāyaṃva pahīnabhayabheravo’’ti. Tattha gotamoti bhagavantaṃ gottena kitteti. Sīho selaguhāyaṃvāti selassa pabbatassa guhāyaṃ. Yathā sīho migarājā tejussadatāya pahīnabhayabheravo dakkhiṇena passena ¶ pāde pādaṃ accādhāya seyyaṃ kappesi, evaṃ cittutrāsalomahaṃsanachambhitattahetūnaṃ kilesānaṃ samucchinnattā pahīnabhayabheravo gotamo bhagavā seyyaṃ kappesīti attho.

Tatoti pacchā, sīhaseyyaṃ kappetvā tato vuṭṭhahitvā ‘‘paṭibhātu taṃ bhikkhu dhammo bhāsitu’’nti (udā. 46) satthārā ajjhesitoti attho. Kalyāṇavākkaraṇoti sundaravacīkaraṇo, lakkhaṇasampannavacanakkamoti attho. Soṇo abhāsi saddhammanti soḷasa aṭṭhakavaggiyasuttāni ¶ soṇo kuṭikaṇṇo, buddhaseṭṭhassa sammāsambuddhassa sammukhā, paccakkhato abhāsīti thero attānameva paraṃ viya avoca.

Pañcakkhandhe pariññāyāti pañcupādānakkhandhe tīhipi pariññāhi parijānitvā te parijānantoyeva, añjasaṃ ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvayitvā, paramaṃ santiṃ nibbānaṃ pappuyya pāpuṇitvā ṭhito anāsavo. Tato eva idāni parinibbissati anupādisesanibbānavasena nibbāyissatīti.

Soṇakuṭikaṇṇattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

12. Kosiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Yo ¶ eva garūnantiādikā āyasmato kosiyattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto vipassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ disvā pasannacitto ucchukhaṇḍikaṃ adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadharaṭṭhe brāhmaṇakule nibbatti, kosiyotissa gottavasena nāmaṃ akāsi. So viññutaṃ patto āyasmantaṃ dhammasenāpatiṃ abhiṇhaṃ upasaṅkamati, tassa santike dhammaṃ suṇāti. So tena sāsane paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjanto nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.44.44-49) –

‘‘Nagare ¶ bandhumatiyā, dvārapālo ahosahaṃ;

Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ, sabbadhammāna pāraguṃ.

‘‘Ucchukhaṇḍikamādāya buddhaseṭṭhassadāsahaṃ;

Pasannacitto sumano, vipassissa mahesino.

‘‘Ekanavutito kappe, yaṃ ucchumadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, ucchukhaṇḍassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā ¶ jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā garuvāsaṃ sappurisūpanissayañca pasaṃsanto –

370.

‘‘Yo ve garūnaṃ vacanaññu dhīro, vase ca tamhi janayetha pemaṃ;

So bhattimā nāma ca hoti paṇḍito, ñatvā ca dhammesu visesi assa.

371.

‘‘Yaṃ āpadā uppatitā uḷārā, nakkhambhayante paṭisaṅkhayantaṃ;

So thāmavā nāma ca hoti paṇḍito, ñatvā ca dhammesu visesi assa.

372.

‘‘Yo ve samuddova ṭhito anejo, gambhīrapañño nipuṇatthadassī;

Asaṃhāriyo nāma ca hoti paṇḍito, ñatvā ca dhammesu visesi assa.

373.

‘‘Bahussuto dhammadharo ca hoti, dhammassa hoti anudhammacārī;

So tādiso nāma ca hoti paṇḍito, ñatvā ca dhammesu visesi assa.

374.

‘‘Atthañca ¶ yo jānāti bhāsitassa,

Atthañca ñatvāna tathā karoti;

Atthantaro nāma sa hoti paṇḍito,

Ñatvā ca dhammesu visesi assā’’ti. –

Imā pañca gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha ¶ yoti khattiyādīsu catūsu parisāsu yo koci. Veti byattaṃ. Garūnanti sīlādigaruguṇayuttānaṃ paṇḍitānaṃ. Vacanaññūti tesaṃ anusāsanīvacanaṃ jānanto, yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjamāno paṭipajjitvā ca tassa phalaṃ jānantoti attho. Dhīroti dhitisampanno. Vase ca tamhi janayetha pemanti tasmiṃ garūnaṃ vacane ovāde vaseyya yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjeyya, paṭipajjitvā ‘‘iminā vatāhaṃ ovādena imaṃ jātiādidukkhaṃ vītivatto’’ti tattha janayetha pemaṃ gāravaṃ uppādeyya. Idañhi dvayaṃ ‘‘garūnaṃ vacanaññu dhīro’’ti padadvayena vuttassevatthassa pākaṭakaraṇaṃ. Soti yo garūnaṃ vacanaññū dhīro, so yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattiyā tattha bhattimā ca nāma hoti, jīvitahetupi tassa anatikkamanato paṇḍito ca nāma hoti. Ñatvā ca dhammesu visesi assāti tathā paṭipajjanto ca tāya eva paṭipattiyā catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ jānanahetu ¶ lokiyalokuttaradhammesu vijjāttayādivasena ‘‘tevijjo, chaḷabhiñño, paṭisambhidāpatto’’ti visesi visesavā siyāti attho.

Yanti yaṃ puggalaṃ paṭipattiyā antarāyakaraṇato ‘‘āpadā’’ti laddhavohārā sotuṇhakhuppipāsādipākaṭaparissayā ceva rāgādipaṭicchannaparissayā ca uppatitā uppannā, uḷārā balavantopi nakkhambhayante na kiñci cālenti. Kasmā? Paṭisaṅkhayantanti paṭisaṅkhāyamānaṃ paṭisaṅkhānabale ṭhitanti attho. Soti yo daḷhatarāhi āpadāhipi akkhambhanīyo, so thāmavā dhitimā daḷhaparakkamo nāma hoti. Anavasesasaṃkilesapakkhassa abhibhavanakapaññābalasamaṅgitāya paṇḍito ca nāma hoti. Tathābhūto ca ñatvā ca dhammesu visesi assāti taṃ vuttatthameva.

Samuddova ¶ ṭhitoti samuddo viya ṭhitasabhāvo. Yathā hi caturāsītiyojanasahassagambhīre sinerupādasamīpe mahāsamuddo aṭṭhahipi disāhi uṭṭhitehi pakativātehi aniñjanato ṭhito anejo gambhīro ca, evaṃ kilesavātehi titthiyavādavātehi ca akampanīyato ṭhito anejo. Gambhīrassa anupacitañāṇasambhārehi aladdhagādhassa nipuṇassa sukhumassa paṭiccasamuppādādiatthassa paṭivijjhanena gambhīrapañño nipuṇatthadassī. Asaṃhāriyo nāma ca hoti paṇḍito so tādiso puggalo kilesehi devaputtamārādīsu vā kenaci asaṃhāriyatāya asaṃhāriyo nāma hoti, yathāvuttena atthena paṇḍito ca nāma hoti. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

Bahussutoti pariyattibāhusaccavasena bahussuto, suttageyyādi bahuṃ sutaṃ etassāti bahussuto. Tameva dhammaṃ suvaṇṇabhājane pakkhittasīhavasaṃ viya avinassantameva dhāretīti dhammadharo ¶ ca hoti. Dhammassa hoti anudhammacārīti yathāsutassa yathāpariyattassa dhammassa atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya navalokuttaradhammassa anurūpaṃ dhammaṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipadāsaṅkhātaṃ catupārisuddhisīladhutaṅgaasubhakammaṭṭhānādibhedaṃ carati paṭipajjatīti anudhammacārī hoti, ‘‘ajja ajjevā’’ti paṭivedhaṃ ākaṅkhanto vicarati. So tādiso nāma ca hoti paṇḍitoti yo puggalo yaṃ garuṃ nissāya bahussuto dhammadharo dhammassa ca anudhammacārī hoti. So ca tādiso tena garunā sadiso paṇḍito nāma hoti paṭipattiyā sadisabhāvato. Tathābhūto pana so ñatvā ca dhammesu visesi assa, taṃ vuttatthaṃva.

Atthañca yo jānāti bhāsitassāti yo puggalo sammāsambuddhena bhāsitassa pariyattidhammassa ¶ atthaṃ jānāti. Jānanto pana ‘‘idha sīlaṃ vuttaṃ, idha samādhi, idha paññā’’ti tattha tattha yathāvuttaṃ atthañca ñatvāna tathā karoti yathā satthārā anusiṭṭhaṃ, tathā paṭipajjati. Atthantaro nāma sa hoti paṇḍitoti so evarūpo puggalo atthantaro atthakāraṇā sīlādiatthajānanamattameva upanissayaṃ katvā paṇḍito hoti. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

Ettha ¶ ca paṭhamagāthāya ‘‘yo ve garūna’’ntiādinā saddhūpanissayo visesabhāvo vutto, dutiyagāthāya ‘‘yaṃ āpadā’’ti ādinā vīriyūpanissayo, tatiyagāthāya ‘‘yo ve samuddova ṭhito’’tiādinā samādhūpanissayo, catutthagāthāya ‘‘bahussuto’’tiādinā satūpanissayo, pañcamagāthāya ‘‘atthañca yo jānātī’’tiādinā paññūpanissayo visesabhāvo vuttoti veditabbo.

Kosiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Pañcakanipātavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.